Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. credit by exam that is accepted by over 1,500 colleges and universities. In his early years he was a pupil of Socrates. Historical works, where we find Hellenica on the history of Greece, the praise of the Spartan king Agesilaus II and, above all, Anabasis. Create your account, Already registered? © copyright 2003-2020 Study.com. Xenophon campaigned with the Thracians and Spartans, and sometime after Socrates’ trial he was exiled from Athens. Log in here for access. credit-by-exam regardless of age or education level. Xenophon was born in Athens around 430 B.C. Among Xenophon’s works are several devoted to Socrates: Memorabilia, Oeconomicus, Symposium, and Apology. Visit the Ancient Greece Study Guide page to learn more. Study.com has thousands of articles about every Indeed, Xenophon is as well known for his works that center on Socrates as he is for his “historical” writings, which focus on Sparta, Persians, generals and kings, as well as horses and dogs. The Peloponnesian War and the wars against the Persians took place during this time. The identity of Xenophon’s Mespila is actually debated. and career path that can help you find the school that's right for you. Xenophon was born into a wealthy Athenian family in 431 BC, at the start of the Great Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC). the sea! Anabasis is written in an elegant and careful style. He died around 354 BCE. Xenophon came from the deme of Erchia of Athens. After traveling thousands of kilometers, they managed to reach the shores of the Black Sea. But this victory was fruitless because Cyrus died in the process. THINKERS. Unlike Aristophanes and Plato, however, Xenophon was also a man of action who embarked on a military career, which he describes at length in his literary autobiography, the Anabasis. Xenophon, His Life. Get the unbiased info you need to find the right school. In this difficult and fascinating world lived Xenophon, a great Greek historian and writer. The date of his death is not known. Although there is no certainty as to the cause of this exile, contributing factors would include his participation in battle against Athens at Coronea, fighting for the Spartan King Agesilaus II. Anabasis records how they appointed new leaders, one of whom was Xenophon. To achieve this, he hired a large number of Greek mercenaries, the famous Ten Thousand, who joined the army of Cyrus. By the time they arrived at Tarsus, Cyrus’ troops became aware of his scheme to depose the king, and refused to continue. The Anabasis has long been considered a classic and was used by Alexander the Great as a field guide for … A peace conference was convened in which Clearchus and four other generals and a host of captains were betrayed and brutally executed. He then fought under the banner of the Spartan King Agesilaus II, and the Spartans eventually gave him land at Scillus, in Elis. His works can be divided into three groups: Socratic works (Symposium, Apology, etc.) In the discussion that follows he approaches Xenophon’s speeches ... with a detailed examination of all the sources and what is known about the procedures of the prytaneis. Xenophon was born in Athens around 430 B.C. In this way, the Greeks were left without leaders and abandoned in a hostile territory-- the Persian empire-- without food or aid. John Dillery, Xenophon and the History of his Times, London: 1995. Although there is no certainty as to the cause of this exile, contributing factors would include his participation in battle against Athens at Coronea, fighting for the Spartan King Agesilaus II. In his early years, Xenophon apparently belonged to the circle around Socrates. Xenophon of Athens was a famous Greek historian and philosopher of 4th century B.C.This biography of Xenophon provides detailed information about his childhood, life, achievements, works & timeline. © 2020 The Foundation for Constitutional Government Inc. All rights reserved. As a young man he participated in the military expedition by Cyrus against Artaxerxes in 401 B.C1. One of the most important experiences in the life of Xenophon took place in the year 401 B.C. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Xenophon recorded the details of the expedition in a book called the Anabasis which means "The Expedition" or "The march up country". They went up the Tigris River, crossed Armenia, and walked nearly four thousand kilometers through enemy territory. The Peloponnesian War involved two groups representing different Greek cities, one group led by Athens, the other by Sparta. 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