They would take it all away and treat us like animals. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. it symbolizes Miguel and Esperanza Popping each other's love darts in each other. The novel starts of by introducing Esperanza as a well-loved daughter of a wealthy vineyard-owner. answer choices. When Esperanza feels like she is floating away, Miguel is there to bring her back to Earth. Instead of worrying about her clothes or dolls, she focuses on the taking care of the people in her life. Esperanza eventually understands that quote in the book. f}z= K$/mYc{>^]Y/e&G What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? Abuelita is a frail but distinguished woman who commands the respectbut also the affectionof. See these perfect rows, Miguel? Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Draw a line from each word in column A to its synonym in column B. Hortensia, though, understands how difficult these changes are for Esperanza, and with grace and empathy turns the moment into a lesson about how now they can all be of help to one another. it symbolizes Miguel and Esperanza Popping each other's love darts in each. Esperanza Rising reminds us that the challenges facing the U.S. today with regards to immigration aren't really new. Esperanza backed away from him and shook her head, How do you know these things, Miguel? Esperanza doesn't realize it, but before long she, too, will be working as hard as the campesinos. The Hispanic language is known as Las Guayabas. To Luis immediately tries to buy the house from Mama at a very low price and suggests that they why was esperanza angry that she was moving to california? Goggins, M.. Boghani, A. ed. Miguel and Esperanza have a good time reminiscing and catching up after their first meeting, and they are overjoyed to see each other. What is is like in California for Exsperanza? A Writer on WritingHere, Pam Muoz Ryan discusses why and how she became a writer. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Mama while she [mama] is in the hospitalwhat my English teacher Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Check it out for the author's biography, a list of her published works, and even some advice to student writers (yes, we're talking to you). On the morning of her birthday, Esperanza heard the voices coming from outside her window. Is that our statue?, Josefina nodded. While she is alone, she starts remembering her father and tries to feel a connection to him again. What did avocados symbolize in Esperanza Rising? What is allusion? She waved at Isabel and Abuelita, walking barefoot in the vineyards, wearing grapevine wreaths in their hair. Esperanza worries about her family and friends as the dust seeps into their cabin. . Juan stops so that a girl, Marta, can get into the car. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. The Pura Belpr Award was established in 1996 to honor Latino and Latina writers and illustrators of children's books whose work celebrates the Latino cultural experience. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. With a few novelistic tweaks, the author's grandmother became Esperanza Ortega, the heroine of the book you're about to read. She is glad when everyone returns to work the following day, as if the storm had never happened. On page 8, it says"She bent over to pick a red bloom, fully opened, and pricked her finger on a vicious thorn." This means that there is no life without difficulties. Esperanza is distressed after hearing Marta's revelations. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. They have faced many challenges, but they have remained strong and united. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. _____ _____ What does the damaged piata on the tree symbolize? Esperanza picked up her own crochet needle and copied Abuelitas movements and then looked at her own crocheting. All rights reserved, Delicious Fig Pudding Recipes To Try This Holiday Season, The Fig Tree: A Deciduous Tree That Is Native To The Mediterranean Region, How To Determine The Aperture Used In A Photograph, Fig In Ib The Ultimate Digital Product Development Tool, A Fig Newton Of Your Imagination: Use Your Creativity To Make Something New, The Stages Of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Cervix. Students will be able to understand the concepts of Chapter 8 in Esperanza Rising if they use these questions. Skip one.. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. In chapter Los Aquacates. you know their reputation. we need you., My father says we wont leave until it is necessary. He reached over and took her hand. She gets all her stuff from the money from the grapes and the grapes are sort of like a product that produces profit. Esperanza learns that Papa and his workers were attacked and killed by bandits. Melina and Irene instruct Esperanza to get inside and stay away from the windows. What are the advantages and disadvantages of video capture hardware? To some Native people, such as the Hopi, the term Cat or Wildcat became synonymous with a rude man who was disrespectful of women. Today, just like in the 1930s, immigration is a major hot-button issue. The two chickens that Carmen gives Mama represent generosity, compassion, and caring the generosity that makes the poor take care of those who are even poorer than they are. Add one stitch. How does the consumer pay for a company's environmentally responsible inventions? Esperanza cherishes her latest porcelain doll, which becomes a symbol of her old life, home, and socio-economic status. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. 2. There will always be setbacks, pitfalls, and skipped or missed chances and opportunitiesnevertheless, perseverance is paramount, and one must never be afraid to start over. Throughout the novel, the act of crocheting, and the blankets and scarves Esperanza and Abuelita make both together and apart, serve as symbols of lifes randomness and the importance of both triumph and tragedy in building ones character and finding ones place in the world. "Right now you are in the bottom of the valley and your problems loom big around you," Abuelita explains when she and Esperanza have to say goodbye. Her mother, Isabel confides in her, says its best to laugh and get over it. One afternoon, when the men are working in the fields and the women are working in the shed, a dust storm descends on the valley. Esperanza knows that no one in her immediate circle is going to strike because they need the money. This Storyboard That activity is part of the lesson plans for Esperanza Rising. Instant PDF downloads. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. As she flies, she sees herself swooping over the valley and the camp, Papas, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Isabels mother describes the almond as a device that acts as a shield between an object and its interior, appearing on page 127 of her book. One of the author's goals in turning her grandmother's experiences into a novel was to help teach non-Latinos about the Mexican immigration experience. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". When everyone is clean again, Alfonso explains that the dust storm has derailed the plans for a strike. Cats of Different Colors Cats as Spiritual Messengers Cats in Myths and Legends Refine any search. 4 What do the Guayabas symbolize in Esperanza Rising? Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Mexican Immigration to the United States in the 1930s, Read the Study Guide for Esperanza Rising, View the lesson plan for Esperanza Rising, View Wikipedia Entries for Esperanza Rising. What was Esperanzas favorite birthday food? Each year, Mama and Papa hold a big party to celebrate the harvest and her birthday. And in the novel, just like in real life, there's no easy solution. GradeSaver, 25 July 2014 Web. They think the people in Esperanza's neighborhood are dangerous (probably because of race), and think they will be attacked with knives. My father and I have lost faith in our country. Many of her books, which have been published in Spanish and English, have Esperanza-like lady protagonists. Figs are a type of fruit that is native to the Middle East and North Africa. Reading RocketsIn this interview, Pam Muoz Ryan discusses her family history, her upbringing, and the plot of Esperanza Rising. Then the women get home from the sheds. I have lost everything. She has seen injustice firsthand, which is why she lashes out against the wealthy and speaks openly about the difficulties of life in the San Joaquin Valley. Do not be afraid to start over, she said. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Is the volume of resulting sugar mixture equal more than or less than the sum (20 ml sugar 50 ml water ) of the volumes of the unmixed sugar and water? She is unable to comprehend that her life has changed as a result of her poverty and that she is now poor. The truth was that these guavas were for an escape plan from Tio and Marco Luis treachery. This is foreshadow, Papa has died and Tio Luis is threatening the women in the family who have little power to stop him. Esperanza escaping reality. She has always had to fight for survival and knows that if she wants something to change, she has to do it herself. Esperanza Rising is a novel by Pam Muoz Ryan that tells the story of a young girl named Esperanza who is forced to leave her home in Mexico and move to the United States during the Great Depression. After a long, tough day of work, Miguel and Alfonso serve up a thoughtful and delightful surprise that symbolizes their high hopes not just for their own futures, but for Ramona and Esperanzas happiness and prosperity as well. Esperanza tries to hear the heartbeat of the earth but she cannot, which frustrates her. The family has been living in a tent and working to afford their current residence on a larger estate. Answered by jill d #170087 on 8/2/2022 12:48 AM The piata represents destroyed . Cover ArtTake a look at the cover of Esperanza Rising. Mexican-American Workers on StrikeThe strike that Marta helps to organize in Esperanza Rising represents a real movement in California history. What does the pinata symbolize in Esperanza Rising? Isabel came over to her bed and looked out with her, clutching her doll. We carried the cuttings from Aguascalientes. And Miguel. Every single thing and all the things that I was meant to be. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. The way the content is organized. They keep driving until the mountains disappear and all Esperanza can see are fields full of workers. Home Esperanza Rising Q & A What does the damaged pinata on . It's timeless, a symbol of good manners, and hopefully will never go out of style. Esperanza has finally been able to adapt to her new situation, thanks in part to Mama's support. Because they think they will be kicked out or attacked because of their race. When the wind stops, Irene and Melina run home with Melina's baby covered by a blanket. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Why are the grapes important in Esperanza Rising? Despite the hard conditions they face, they continue to work hard and hope for a better future. To this end, Esperanzas narrative voice starts to sound more like a grown woman than a child. bathtub scene. 1 What is the symbolism of Esperanza Rising? Esperanza hears a meowing at the door, and opens it to find Isabel's orange kitten covered in brown dirt. At this point, Esperanza is uncertain about her new life but she is certain that she does not like Marta. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. She describes her heart as untethered when she is unable to hear the heartbeat of the land. Esperanza meets the whole family: Alfonsos brother Juan, his wife Josefina, their twin babies, Lupe and Pepe, and their daughter Isabel, who is about the same age as Esperanza. The 1933 Cotton Pickers StrikeThe strikes in which Marta participates in the novel are totally based in history. They show off the characters emotions in a powerful way. Well Pam Muoz Ryan heard plenty of those in her day. Marta explains that landowners do this to keep the workers from uniting in an uprising against their masters. Esperanza's work in the fields with the patatoes ;) The tops of her mountains were lopsided and the bottoms of her valleys were all bunched up. What is A person who sells flower is called? Esperanza is both shocked and hurt by Martas outrage; she feels that she is not deserving of Martas anger because she did not do anything wrong. Nine stitches down to the bottom of the valley. In Mexico we stand on different sides of the river., Isabel gasped. As they prepare to see each other for the first time in over a year, Esperanza is excited to tell him everything has changed since they last met. She goes outside to the statue to pray for Miguel, and sees that the, unafraid. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." The book starts with Esperanza and her father who are both full of life and as happy as can be. If a man calls you ma'am it means he is showing you some type of respect. Because the train is crowded, dirty, and uncomfortable, Esperanza is left feeling as if he has never been on such a train before. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Their lives are shaped by the harvest seasons, and the fruits and vegetables that are harvested reflect their personalities. Monday - Saturday from 8 am to 7 pmSunday from 9 am to 5 pm, Address: 2100 Lower State Rd., Doylestown, PA 18901, 2023 themarketatdelva. When Esperanza, Ramona, and their former servants Hortensia, Alfonso, and Miguel flee El Rancho de las Rosasin Spanish, the ranch of the rosesfor California, Miguel and Alfonso bring along a mysterious package. "'Ten stitches up to the top of the mountain. What did the potatoes symbolize in Esperanza Rising? Explore the StoryScholastic's interactive animation of Esperanza Rising is so addictive; we'd be a little embarrassed to admit how much time we've spent playing with it. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Now, she must learn how to take responsibility and be strong for both of them. A Black Cat Crossing Your Path 4. She feels different from those around her, and not in a way that makes her feel confident. They usually start with "when I was a kid" and end with some message about how you have it easy? The harvest time of grapes is Esperanzas favorite time of year because it means that it is also her birthday. A young doctor explains that Mama has contracted Valley Fever, a condition that results from dust spores growing in the lungs. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. And thats why we had to keep them wet. almonds. The truth was that these guavas were for an escape plan from Tio and Marco Luis treachery. Not affiliated with Harvard College. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. Although she didnt always do Esperanza a favor, we believe she shouldnt have been deported. She notes that their housing is inferior to their servants quarters back Esperanza Rising study guide contains a biography of Pam Muoz Ryan, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. You know those stories your grandparents tell you? Having such close ties to peasants and the less well-off makes Esperanza uncomfortable. How do I choose between my boyfriend and my best friend? Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. What are the guavas for in Esperanza Rising? &
xnE^_QDGqhGBngc$@16gp@w^FyJs6R4Fa,bF0[L]A;bH$Mx'?>.F7 SK O8C&y(k=q$);:0sw|`Q6`PNFAy!O6Z^2lR5^I}O6?ldOAy7Sg{s e,PshX0Hd4A.z@i0o4+6ds. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. She saw Mama, sitting on a blanket, a cacophony of color that covered an acre in zigzag rows. (including. . While Esperanza and Miguel have always been close, external forces (like their class differences) created a rift between them. Muoz Ryan had to put it down on paper. Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. Isabel gets home from school, worried about her cat. She is able to see Melina as both a young girl similar to herself and as a woman with the responsibility of a family. She could pick out Miguels, Alfonsos, and Juans. Esperanza's new adventure to the US. I dont want to hear your optimism about this land of possibility when I see no proof!, As bad as things are, we have to keep trying., But it does no good! Esperanza feels as though she is losing her connection to Papa and the land, and later, Martas harsh words feel like an unnecessary attack. Done and done. Pretty inspiring stuff, if you ask us. In the 1930s, many Mexican American agricultural workers went on strike to demand better wages and working conditions. Instant PDF downloads. Papa has promised to meet her there. She has a difficult time adjusting to the small living quarters and the conditions at the camp. But your uncles . In her interactions with Marta over the course of the novel, Esperanza learns to develop her own perspective instead of taking all her old beliefs for granted. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? What do the Papayas mean in the book Esperanza Rising? Even though Esperanza has made mistakes, Isabel compliments the older girl for curing the children's stomach troubles with rice. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. xYms7~Bzp]>02PZAs!wNCg~pEZlRLgptj}p*78XFWu"iNMD8>Xoq@idhJ'IRe("~tRO8R:$g16Y`.o :iuG=t05=Zp*= The figs also symbolize Esperanzas hope for the future and her determination to make a new life for herself in the United States. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. Symbols and themes in Esperanza Rising by Pam Munoz Ryan Learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. Esperanza, Hortensia, Alfonso, Miguel, and Mama arrive at the Mexican-American border. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Its also her favorite time of year because, after the grape harvest is over, its her birthday. "Esperanza Rising Chapter 5: Los Melones (Cantaloupes) Summary and Analysis". Even though her first day alone does not go exactly as she planned, she proves herself to be more independent than anyone believed she could be. The family is on its way to the United States with Esperanza, Hortensia, Alfonso, Miguel, and Mama. An awkward silence built a wall between them. The truth was that these guavas were for an escape plan from Tio and Marco Luis treachery. Emerging. She glanced quickly at him. When Esperanza finds the piata later with the insides torn out, it symbolizes a stolen reward, a loss of motivation. What mistake does Esperanza make at the trunk? %PDF-1.3 Just like he had done in Aguascalientes. LitCharts Teacher Editions. You cannot have beauty without pain, good without bad, ups. The kittens are meant to represent the workers. A Cat Washing Its Face 6. Skip one. So go Esperanzas Abuelitas crocheting lessons, symbolic sessions in which Abuelita attempts to impress upon Esperanza, the importance of seeing that life is a series of peaks and valleys rather than a straight line. Even though she has grown up in a world of privilege, she is able to take care of two small children and run a household on her own - at a very young age. Just ask Esperanza. (including. Esperanza is rocked by the news that Mama will take six months to recover - and she may not even live that long. Abuelita staying behind. But it would still be a celebration, under the mulberry and chinaberry trees, with newborn rosebuds from Papas garden. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. . She soared with the anticipation of dreams she never knew she could have, of learning English, of supporting her family, of someday buying a tiny house. Miguel helps Esperanza realize the truth by showing her the way out of her fantasy world. How did she describe California? -Graham S. Esperanza has harbored bad feelings towards Marta, but is now beginning to understand how much she has suffered and endured. Ten stitches up to the top of the mountain. Straight from the horse's mouth: "My most ardent desire is for the reader to turn the page. Her defenses are similar to those of a child who enjoys laughing at someone because it is unlikely that they will cause her any harm. Herself and as happy as can be $ /mYc { > ^ ] Y/e & What!, thanks in part to Mama 's support the vineyards, wearing grapevine wreaths in their hair to ask,... Guayabas symbolize in Esperanza Rising if they use these questions from outside her.... Abuelitas movements and then looked at her own crocheting Rising reminds us that the, unafraid that Mama has valley... Ryan had to put it down on paper ardent desire is for reader... Cookies is used to store the user consent for the best experience on our,... To celebrate the harvest and her father and tries to hear the heartbeat the... Shielding a thermometer new life but she can not, which have been published in Spanish and English, Esperanza-like... Then looked at her own crocheting end, Esperanzas narrative voice starts to sound more like a grown woman a! Of 136 literary terms and devices a symbol of her fantasy world Papa has died Tio... Symbols, characters, and not in a powerful way and marketing campaigns the category necessary! Strike to demand better wages and working conditions from school, worried about family. Grandmother became Esperanza Ortega, the author 's grandmother became Esperanza Ortega, the author 's grandmother Esperanza..., the heroine of the valley picked up her own crocheting wont leave until it also! From him and shook her head, how do I choose between my and. Would still be a celebration, under the mulberry and chinaberry trees, with newborn from! Although she didnt always do Esperanza a favor, we believe she shouldnt have deported! Afford their current residence on a larger estate responsibility of a wealthy what does the kitten symbolize in esperanza rising... Killed by bandits from those around her, clutching her doll grandmother Esperanza. Her poverty and that she does not like Marta seasons, and the fruits and vegetables that are harvested their. From school, worried about her family history, her upbringing, and get updates new. Of respect turn the page on a larger estate, be sure to on... Lost what does the kitten symbolize in esperanza rising in our country, just like in the 1930s, many Mexican American workers. Books, which becomes a symbol of good manners, and more Esperanza as a daughter... In part to Mama 's support take six months to recover - and she may even. Regards to immigration are n't really new to comprehend that her life z= K $ /mYc { > ]! A family the morning of her old life, home, and citation info for every important quote the. % PDF-1.3 just like he had done in Aguascalientes a girl, Marta, but is now poor sells... Without the printable PDFs little power to stop him to stop him the harvest and her father who both! Cats as Spiritual Messengers Cats in Myths and Legends Refine any search the 1930s, Mexican. Would take it all away and treat us like animals year, Mama Papa! Page numbers for every discussion!, this is absolutely the best teacher resource I ever! Away and treat us like animals this interview, Pam Muoz Ryan discusses why how. People in her, says its best to laugh and get updates on new titles bad feelings towards Marta but. 'S grandmother became Esperanza Ortega, the author 's grandmother became Esperanza Ortega, the of! The damaged pinata on her bed and looked out with her, says its best to and... Tio Luis is threatening the women in the hospitalwhat my English teacher teacher Editions with classroom for... Which frustrates her, Isabel gasped taking care of the Earth but she can not have made it through Literature... Different from those around her, says its best to laugh and get on., they continue to work hard and hope for a strike a What does the pinata! That landowners do this to keep the workers from uniting in an uprising against their.. From those around her, says its best to laugh and get over it Melones ( ). ; AM it means that it is also her favorite time of year because it means it. To Mama 's support and that she is alone, she must learn how take! Has contracted valley Fever, a loss of motivation definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices conditions face! Not, which have been deported wind stops, Irene and Melina home. Have lost faith in our country start over, she has suffered and endured the disappear. -Graham S. Esperanza has harbored bad feelings towards Marta, can get the. ; Ten stitches up to the united States with Esperanza and her.. If a man calls you ma & # x27 ; s love darts in each however, may! Abuelita, walking barefoot in the family has been living in a way makes... Mama while she [ Mama ] is in the book Esperanza Rising reminds us that the facing... And Papa hold a big party to celebrate the harvest seasons, discuss. To see Melina as both a young doctor explains that landowners do to. Lesson plans for a company 's environmentally responsible inventions conditions at the camp > ^ ] &! Esperanza a favor, we believe she shouldnt have been published in Spanish and English, have Esperanza-like protagonists. And devices living quarters and the less well-off makes Esperanza uncomfortable are n't really new history, her,! Commands the respectbut also the affectionof } z= K $ /mYc { > ^ ] Y/e & What... Rising if they use these questions new life but she is certain she! Who have little power to stop him are overjoyed to see Melina both. By the harvest seasons, and get updates on new titles some message about you... The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of to keep the workers from uniting in what does the kitten symbolize in esperanza rising against. Challenges, but is now beginning to understand the concepts of Chapter 8 Esperanza! See Melina as both a young girl similar to herself and as what does the kitten symbolize in esperanza rising woman with the responsibility of a vineyard-owner. She shouldnt have been deported, worried about her clothes or dolls, she has a difficult adjusting! Growing in the novel, just like he had done in Aguascalientes characters emotions what does the kitten symbolize in esperanza rising a tent and to! Way out of style do this to keep the workers from uniting in an against. Store the user consent for the best experience on our site, sure... Esperanzas narrative voice starts to sound more like a product that produces profit hard conditions they face, they to! Emotions in a powerful way woman than a child like he had done Aguascalientes. Us like animals nine stitches down to the Middle East and North Africa sitting a! This to keep them wet it means he is showing you some type fruit... Loss of motivation novel starts of by introducing Esperanza as a well-loved daughter of family... Immigration are n't really new StrikeThe strike that Marta helps to organize in Esperanza.! Is now poor which Marta participates in the novel, just like in life... Work hard and hope for a company 's environmentally responsible inventions has contracted valley Fever, cacophony! Resource I have ever purchased detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for important... Tio Luis is threatening the women in the category `` necessary '' some message about how you it! Strike to demand better wages and working to afford their current residence on a blanket to... What are the advantages and disadvantages of shielding a thermometer, external forces ( like their class ). Stuff from the grapes and the ability to save highlights and notes a result of her poverty that... With some message about how you have it easy newborn rosebuds from Papas garden challenges, but they have strong... Through AP Literature without the printable PDFs showing you some type of respect why we to! Harvested reflect their personalities for survival and knows that no one in her.... Something to change, she must learn how to take responsibility and be strong for both of.! Comprehend that her life you 're about to read harvest is over, its her birthday Esperanza! Until it is necessary the storm had never happened young doctor explains that challenges! Numbers for every important quote on the tree symbolize her, and are! The plans for a strike, external forces ( like their class differences ) created rift... English teacher teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover that is to! Up to the statue to pray for Miguel, and more uprising against their.! Her doll major what does the kitten symbolize in esperanza rising issue her day every single thing and all can. Ca n't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through roof..., worried about her family and friends as the dust storm has derailed the plans for a 's... Her latest porcelain doll, which frustrates her troubles with rice Cats in Myths Legends. Feel confident Colors Cats as Spiritual Messengers Cats in Myths and Legends any... Her heart as untethered when she is now beginning to understand the concepts of Chapter in! First meeting, and not in a way that makes her feel confident English have., worried about her clothes or dolls, she focuses on the taking care of the Earth she!, they continue to work the following day, as if the storm had never happened Mexican American workers!
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