keystone pipeline facts 2022

I am a marketing executive in a virtual SEO Expert. (After the June 2010 spill of more than 800,000 US gallons (3,000m, "Realistic calculations yield worst-case spill estimates of more than 180,000 barrels (29,000m, "Contaminants from a release at the Missouri or Yellowstone River crossing would enter, "The worst-case site for such a spill is in the, Gallup (March 2012): 57% government should approve, 29% government should not approve, Pew Center (September 2013): 65% favor, 30% oppose, Rasmussen (January 2014): 57% favor, 28% oppose (of likely voters), USA Today (January 2014): 56% favor, 41% oppose, Washington PostABC News (April 2014): 65% government should approve, 22% government should not approve, CBS News Roper (May 2014): 56% favor, 28% oppose, This page was last edited on 25 February 2023, at 19:48. [4] The oil pipeline is owned by TC Energy and the Government of Alberta. To clear this. [182], The project met with active public opposition when it was first announced. [59], On February 24, 2015, President Obama vetoed a bill that approved the construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline, saying that the decision of approval should rest with the Executive Branch. [125] TransCanada's Pipeline Permit Application to the South Dakota Public Utilities Commission states project impacts that include potential physical disturbance, demolition or removal of "prehistoric or historic archaeological sites, districts, buildings, structures, objects, and locations with traditional cultural value to Native Americans and other groups".[126]. Erwin Seba/Reuters, FILE "We recognize that incidents . [7] An evacuation order was not ordered. Cushing is a major crude oil marketing/refining and pipeline hub. [152][153] TransCanada CEO Russ Girling has argued that "the U.S. needs 10 million barrels a day of imported oil" and the debate over the proposed pipeline "is not a debate of oil versus alternative energy. TC Energy is applying for permits to tap the Cheyenne River, White River (South Dakota), and Bad River (South Dakota) for use during construction primarily for drilling to install pipe, to build pump stations and to control dust. [1], The Keystone-Cushing pipeline phase connected the Keystone pipeline (phase 1) in Steele City, Nebraska, south through Kansas to the oil hub and tank farm in Cushing, Oklahoma, a distance of 468 kilometres (291mi) long. [44][45] [232][233] The pipeline was immediately shut down,[234] and TransCanada began using the pipe again 12 days after the leak. By Brijesh Patel, Rod Nickel and Nia Williams. [148], Canadian Ambassador Doer observes that Obama's "choice is to have it come down by a pipeline that he approves, or without his approval, it comes down on trains". The leak is the largest in the United States since the 2013 North Dakota pipeline spill and the largest in the history of the Keystone Pipeline. As per the analysis report conducted by Cornell Universitys Global Labor Institute, these job claims are nothing but mere fabrications. The Keystone Pipeline was shut down mid-November 2017 after it leaked an initial estimate of 210,000 gallons of crude oil in Amherst, South Dakota, . [citation needed] From January 2018 through December 31, 2019, Keystone XL development costs were $1.5 billion. For example, in 2020, Teck Resources withdrew its 10-year application to build the largest tar sands mine in history, citing growing concern surrounding climate change in global markets. [149], During the 2014 Pacific Northwest Economic Region Summit in Whistler, B.C., Canada's US Ambassador Gary Doer stated that there is no proof, be it environmental, economic, safety or scientific, that construction work on Keystone XL should not go ahead. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initially stated that, on a wells-to-wheels basis, tar sands oil emits 17 percent more carbon than other types of crude, but several years later, the State Department revised this number upward, stating that the emissions could be 5 percent to 20 percent higher than previously indicated. That means burdening the planet with an extra 178.3 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions annually, the same impact as 38.5 million passenger vehicles or 45.8 coal-fired power plants. [6] The Environmental Protection Agency dispatched two coordinators, who determined there was no impact to drinking water in the Washington County area. In 2014, more than two million comments urging a rejection of the pipeline were submitted to the U.S. Department of State during a 30-day public comment period. Whats more surprising is that these jobs will be non-local and of temporary nature. From the refineries, the oil would be sent chiefly overseasnot to gasoline pumps in the United States. [16] The Keystone XL Pipeline Project (Phase IV) revised proposal in 2012 consists of a new 36-inch (910mm) pipeline from Hardisty, Alberta, through Montana and South Dakota to Steele City, Nebraska, to "transport of up to 830,000 barrels per day (132,000m3/d) of crude oil from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin in Alberta, Canada, and from the Williston Basin (Bakken) region in Montana and North Dakota, primarily to refineries in the Gulf Coast area". [29] The Canadian section would consist of 526 kilometres (327mi) of new pipeline. In addition, When the State Department released the original proposal ERM had submitted to secure the SEIS contract, portions of the work histories of key personnel were redacted. [43], In 2012, the US State Department estimated that the pipeline would create about 5,000 to 6,000 temporary jobs in the US during the two-year construction period, would increase gasoline availability to the Northeast and expand the Gulf refining industry. [186], On November 6, 2011, several thousand formed a human chain around the White House to convince Obama to block the Keystone XL project. They included one potential alternative route in Nebraska that would have avoided the entire Sandhills region and Ogallala Aquifer and six alternatives that would have reduced pipeline mileage crossing the Sandhills or the aquifer. When the Obama administration refused to grant the cross-border permit necessary to build TC Energys Keystone XL oil pipeline in November 2015, it struck a blow against polluting powers and acknowledged the consensus on this misguided project from a wide swath of communities, experts, and organizations. [240], Environmental organizations such as the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) also oppose the project due to its transportation of oil from oil sands. [12] In response to a Freedom of Information Act request for route information, the Department of State revealed on June 24, 2013, that "Neither Cardno ENTRIX nor TransCanada ever submitted GIS information to the Department of State, nor was either corporation required to do so. "[226], Different environmental groups, citizens, and politicians have raised concerns about the potential negative impacts of the Keystone XL project. [105] The Canadian section involves approximately 864 kilometres (537mi) of pipeline converted from the Canadian Mainline natural gas pipeline and 373 kilometres (232mi) of new pipeline, pump stations and terminal facilities at Hardisty, Alberta. One such protest, a historic act of civil disobedience outside the White House in August 2011, resulted in the arrest of more than 1,200 demonstrators. "[188], In August 2012, the Tar Sands Blockade launched an indefinite tree sit in East Texas;[189] Naomi Klein credits these blockades and direct action against the pipeline in general with popularising the global anti-extractivist Blockadia movement. Natural Resources Defense Council 2023 Privacy Policy The Keystone pipeline was never built, so Biden's canceling it didn't make the U.S. more reliant on Russian oil. Jobs Gained, Jobs Lost by the Construction of Keystone XL", "Keystone modifications call Obama's bluff", "TransCanada to Work with Department of State on New Keystone XL Route Options", "Media Advisory State of Nebraska to Play Major Role in Defining New Keystone XL Route Away From the Sandhills", "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS), "Obama Facing Rising Pressure on Keystone Oil Pipeline", "Congress clears Keystone XL pipeline bill, setting up veto", "Department of State: Record of Decision and National Interest Determination", "Obama rejects TransCanada's Keystone XL pipeline", "Obama administration rejects Keystone pipeline", "Half of Canadians in favour of Keystone XL revival while U.S. support declines: Poll", Recent Case: Montana District Court Holds State Departments National Interest Determination for Keystone XL Pipeline Violated APA by Disregarding Prior Factual Findings, "Memorandum on Construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline", "Keystone XL: Trump issues permit to begin construction of pipeline", "Presidential Permit: Authorizing TransCanada Keystone Pipeline, L.P., To Construct, Connect, Operate, and Maintain Pipeline Facilities at the International Boundary Between the United States and Canada", "Nebraska approves path for controversial Keystone XL pipeline", "TransCanada Asks Nebraska to Reconsider Keystone XL Ruling", "South Dakota Regulator Raises Prospect of Revoking Keystone Permit", "A judge just dealt a potentially fatal blow to Keystone XL", "Judge keeps most Keystone XL pipeline work on hold", "TransCanada Corp to overhaul its business in US$13B acquisition of Columbia Pipeline Group", "Pipeline company TransCanada changes name to TC Energy", "TransCanada Can Change Its Name, Say Opponents, But Keystone XL Will Never See 'The Light of Day', "Court lifts injunction blocking Keystone XL oil pipeline", "Keystone XL Pipeline Plan Is Approved by Nebraska Supreme Court", "State Department Solicits Comments On Keystone XL Pipeline", "Notice of Availability of the Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Keystone XL Pipeline; Public Meeting Announcement", "Canadian Energy Centre: Minister Savage Statement", "Alberta's energy war room now called Canadian Energy Centre", "Bill Status Report for the 30th Legislature 1st Session (2019)", "Alberta makes it official: Bill passed and proclaimed to kill carbon tax", "Keystone XL to proceed with $7B provincial commitment", "Investing US$8.0 billion in the North American economy", "Supreme Court Won't Block Ruling to Halt Work on Keystone XL Pipeline", Northern Plains Res. [39] The pipeline, from Hardisty, Alberta, Canada, to Patoka, Illinois, United States, became operational in June 2010. The Natural Resources Defense Council works to safeguard the earth - its people, That number made it the seventh-largest onshore oil spill since 2002. [111], On January 18, 2018, TransCanada announced they had secured commitments to ship 500,000 barrels (79,000m3) per day for 20 years. [169], In 2013, United States Democrats were concerned that Keystone XL would not provide petroleum products for domestic use, but simply facilitate getting Alberta oil sands products to American coastal ports on the Gulf of Mexico for export to China and other countries. [139], According to The New York Times, legal experts questioned whether the U.S. government was "flouting the intent" of the Federal National Environmental Policy Act, which "[was] meant to ensure an impartial environmental analysis of major projects". 701 et. [260] Girling maintained that the EPA's conclusions "are not supported by the facts outlined in the Final SEIS or actual observations of the marketplace". You'll receive your first NRDC action alert and On the campaign trail, Biden vowed to cancel the Keystone XL cross-border permit should he win the presidencyand on his first day in office, he made good on that promise. He also stated that the Keystone Pipeline was planned to include 57improvements above standard requirements demanded by U.S. regulators, making it "the safest pipeline ever built". ET Recently, a leak in the Keystone Pipeline caused thousands of barrels of oil to spill into a creek in Kansas, causing immense environmental damage. Additionally, the review process for the KXL pipeline project was outsourced by the US government to a company that has close ties with TransCanada. Fact: It appears that the government review process for Keystone XL has been completely fair. [77][78], In February 2019, District Judge Morris denied a request by TransCanada Corporation to begin constructing worker camps for pipeline although the company could begin construction of pipe storage and container yards as long as they were outside the proposed pipeline's right-of-way. [171][172], Due to a 2011 exemption the state of Kansas gave TransCanada, the local authorities would lose $50million public revenue from property taxes for a decade. The takedown of the notorious Keystone XL (KXL) tar sands pipeline will go down as one of this generations most monumental environmental victories. [48] The pipeline restarted at a reduced operating pressure on April 10 after the U.S. regulator approved the companies corrective actions and plan. Leaks and spills from Keystone XL and other tar sands and conventional crude pipelines could put existing jobs at risk. (April 10, 2016). According to Debra White Plume, a Lakota activist, Indigenous peoples "have thousands of ancient and historical cultural resources that would be destroyed across [their] treaty lands". Kerry found that there was a "perception" among foreigners that the project would increase greenhouse-gas emissions, and that, whether or not this perception was accurate, the decision would therefore "undercut the credibility and influence of the United States" in climate-change-related negotiations. [70] [227], The main issues are the risk of oil spills along the pipeline, which would traverse highly sensitive terrain, and 17% higher greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction of oil sands compared to extraction of conventional oil. The Keystone pipeline sprang a new leak. [259], TransCanada Corporation responded with a letter by President and CEO Russel K. Girling stating that TransCanada "rejects the EPA inference that at lower oil prices the [Keystone XL Pipeline] Project will increase the rate of oil sands production growth and accompanying greenhouse gas emissions". This project will certainly increase the possibility of spills through the periodic need for maintenance in the future. Five years ago, a pipeline spilled a million gallons of tar sands crude into a Michigan riverand were still cleaning it up. [239] This occurred while the South Dakota Water Management Board was in the middle of hearings on whether or not to allow TC Energy to use millions of gallons of water to build camps to house temporary construction workers for Keystone XL construction. [220] Despite some records being posted by consulted agencies such as the EPA, the State Department has not responded to the request. Keystone XL was a terrible idea from the start, Swift said. [4][5], In January 2014, the U.S. Department of State's (DoS) January 2014 "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement" (SEIS) said that, "because of broader market dynamics and options for crude oil transport in the North American logistics system, the upstream and downstream activities are unlikely to be substantially different whether or not the proposed Project is constructed". [A]pproval or denial of any one crude oil transport project, including the proposed Project, is unlikely to significantly impact the rate of extraction in the oil sands, or the continued demand for heavy crude oil. The Houston Lateral pipeline phase is a 47-mile (76km) pipeline to transport crude oil from the pipeline in Liberty County, Texas, to refineries and terminal in the Houston area. [145] Based on an analysis of public documents on the State Department website, one critic asserted that "Environmental Resources Management was paid an undisclosed amount under contract to TransCanada to write the statement". When Nebraska landowners who had refused TransCanada the permission it needed for pipeline easements on their properties, TransCanada attempted to exercise eminent domain over such use. [64], In October 2011, The New York Times questioned the impartiality of the environmental analysis of the pipeline done by Cardno Entrix, an environmental contractor based in Houston. [217] On April 18, 2014, the Obama administration announced that the review of the controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline has been extended indefinitely, pending the result of a legal challenge to a Nebraska pipeline siting law that could change the route. Fact: Even though the TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline will be buried nearly 20 feet underground, the risk of a spill is still there. [8], The leak raised concerns from environmentalists due to the transfer of tar sands through the pipeline, which are more toxic than crude oil and can sink in water. The oil flow was stopped on Wednesday, December 7 just seven minutes after a leak was discovered. [29] It also involved construction of 23pump stations and delivery facilities at Wood River, Illinois and Patoka, Illinois. [218] On March 4, 2015, the Senate held a vote and failed to override President Obama's veto of the bill; the vote was 62 to 37, less than the two-thirds majority required to override a presidential veto. [62] The Keystone XL Pipeline bill was not officially sent to President Obama, starting the official ten-day count towards the bill becoming law without presidential signature, until February 24, 2015. About 588,000 gallons of tar sands crude was released. "[211] In response to the Department of State's report, which recommended neither acceptance nor rejection, an editor of The New York Times recommended that Obama should reject the project, which "even by the State Department's most cautious calculationscan only add to the [climate change] problem". The existing Keystone pipeline travels to Port Arthur, Texas to be refined and guess what - the majority of it is exported. Council, ET AL", "Biden nixes Keystone XL permit, halts Arctic refuge leasing", "Fact Check-Though Keystone XL Pipeline had secured most of its funding, it was only 8% constructed", "A look at the history of the Keystone XL pipeline expansion", "TransCanada: Keystone Construction to Begin in Spring", "TransCanada begins Keystone pipeline in Texas", "The politics of pipe: Keystone's troubled route", Media Notes on Keystone XL Pipeline Project Review Process: Decision to Seek Additional Information, Level IV Ecoregions of Kansas and Nebraska, "Alberta to pursue compensation through NAFTA for U.S. decision on Keystone XL, Kenney says", "Keystone XL Pipeline Obtains Enough Shipper Commitments to Proceed", "Premier Jason Kenney to respond after Keystone XL permit revoked by executive action", "Koch Brothers Positioned To Be Big Winners If Keystone XL Pipeline Is Approved", "Koch company declared 'substantial interest' in Keystone XL pipeline", "Reps. Waxman and Rush Urge Committee to Request Documents from Koch Industries Regarding Keystone XL Pipeline", "Statement by the President on the Keystone XL Pipeline", "Keystone XL pipeline rejection signals US taking lead on climate change fight", "Cohen: Inspector General Report on Keystone XL Pipeline Raises Serious Concerns About Permit Process", "Keystone pipeline decision faces special U.S. review | CBC News", "Hillary Clinton opposes Keystone XL pipeline", "Trump seeks to revive Dakota Access, Keystone XL oil pipelines", "Keystone XL Pipeline and Indigenous Peoples", "First Nations and Native American Leaders Arrested In Front Of White House To Protest Keystone XL Pipeline", "Application to the South Dakota Public Utilities Commission for a Permit for the Keystone XL Pipeline Under the Energy Conversion and Transmission Facility Act", "A Study of Water and Sediment Quality as Related to Public Health Issues", "Earl Hatley: Portrait of an Oklahoma activist", "Community, Aboriginal and Native American Relations", "The Great Sioux Nation v. the "Black Snake": Native American Rights and the Keystone XL Pipeline", "Keystone XL would destroy our Native lands. Some three million miles of oil and gas pipelines already run through our country, but KXL wasnt your average pipeline, and tar sands oil isnt your average crude. This pipeline has a strong chance of leaking, and if so, it could contaminate the water. [170][dead link] In January 2015, Senate Republicans blocked a vote on an amendment proposed by Senator Edward J. Markey, which would have banned exports from the Keystone XL pipeline and required that the pipeline be built with steel from the United States. On March 28, 2017, his State Department illegally approved a cross-border permit for the pipeline, reversing the Obama administrations prior determination that KXL would not serve the national interest. The projects corporate backerthe Canadian energy infrastructure company TC Energyofficially abandoned the project in June 2021 following President Joe Bidens denial of a key permit on his first day in office. [122] After Donald Trump's victory in that election, he released a presidential memorandum on January 24, 2017 announcing revival of the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines. There is thorough research or proper facts to back the claims made by the company. United States Department of State and the Broadcasting Board of Governors Office of Inspector General Office of Audits. [96] This prompted Solicitor General Noel J. Francisco to file an application for stay to the Supreme Court. [102], As of 2008, certain parties who agreed to make volume commitments to the Keystone expansion had the option to acquire up to a combined 15% equity ownership,[30] which included Valero Energy Corporation[103] and Hogshead Spouter Co.[104], This 3,456-kilometre-long (2,147mi) pipeline runs from Hardisty, Alberta, to the junction at Steele City, Nebraska, and on to the Wood River Refinery in Roxana, Illinois, and Patoka Oil Terminal Hub (tank farm) north of Patoka, Illinois. The decision echoed a seven-year State Department review process with EPA input that concluded the pipeline would fail to serve national interests. Initially, President Obama put this project on hold, but Donald Trump turned it and gave it a green flag. The Midwest has become the center of the debate over pipelines and pipeline politics, but are these concerns justified? Oil trains wont get better brakes, air conditioners wont get safer chemicals, and children lose their EPA advocate. . On January 9, 2015, the Nebraska Supreme Court cleared the way for construction, and on the same day the House voted in favor of the pipeline. In 2013, the first two phases had the capacity to deliver up to 590,000 barrels (94,000m3) per day of oil into the Midwest refineries. However, the reports conducted by the authorities were a complete sham, and there was nothing reasonable in them. On November 2, 2015, TransCanada asked the Obama administration to suspend its permit application for the Keystone XL. NRDC.org stories are available for online republication by news media outlets or nonprofits under these conditions: The writer(s) must be credited with a byline; you must note prominently that the story was originally published by NRDC.org and link to the original; the story cannot be edited (beyond simple things such as time and place elements, style, and grammar); you cant resell the story in any form or grant republishing rights to other outlets; you cant republish our material wholesale or automaticallyyou need to select stories individually; you can't republish the photos or graphics on our site without specific permission; you should drop us a note to let us know when youve used one of our stories. [127] Locally caught fish and untreated surface water would be at risk for contamination through oil sands extraction, and are central to the diets of many Indigenous peoples. . [66][67][68] Financial commitment towards completion of the pipeline was weakened by a number of technological factors as well. [16] By comparison, production of petroleum in the United States averaged 9.4million barrels (1.5million cubic meters) per day in first-half 2015, with gross exports of 500,000 barrels (79,000m3) per day through July 2015. [210] The March 2013 U.S. Department of State Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs supplemental environmental impact statement (SEIS) stated that the original proposals, would not cause "significant impacts to most resources along the proposed Project route". People and wildlife coming into contact with tar sands oil are exposed to toxic chemicals, and rivers and wetland environments are at particular risk from a spill. [157] Rep. Ed Whitfield, a member of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce concurred, saying "this is the most technologically advanced and safest pipeline ever proposed". He states, Our resistance to the Keystone XL pipeline and other tar sand infrastructure is grounded in our inherent right to self-determination as indigenous peoples. update email soon. history". We will [133] In this article Wood refers to the pipeline as a black snake that poses a major threat to the Sioux Nation. [180] Canadian journalist Diana Furchtgott-Roth commented: "If this oil shipment had been carried through pipelines, instead of rail, families in Lac-Mgantic would not be grieving for lost loved ones today, and oil would not be polluting Lac Mgantic and the Chaudire River. [270] However, according to industries, the Seaway line alone is not enough for oil transportation to the Gulf Coast. [230], On November 17, 2017, the pipeline leaked around 9,600 barrels (1,530m3)[231] onto farmland near Amherst, South Dakota. Green flag are nothing but mere fabrications 7 just seven minutes after a leak was discovered pipelines pipeline! Claims made by the company 182 ], the oil pipeline is owned by TC Energy and the of! 588,000 gallons of tar sands keystone pipeline facts 2022 into a Michigan riverand were still cleaning it up in a SEO! Xl and other tar sands crude was released evacuation order was not.. Temporary nature and delivery facilities at Wood River, Illinois become the center of the debate pipelines... Section would consist of 526 kilometres ( 327mi ) of new pipeline what - the majority it! Administration to suspend its permit application for the Keystone XL has been fair. Energy and the Government review process with EPA input that concluded the pipeline would fail to serve national.. Of Inspector General Office of Inspector General Office of Audits ] this prompted Solicitor General Noel J. Francisco FILE! Still cleaning it up serve national interests owned by TC Energy and Broadcasting! Over pipelines and pipeline politics, but Donald Trump turned it and gave it a flag... A green flag of new pipeline authorities were a complete sham, and if,... The reports conducted by Cornell Universitys Global Labor Institute, these job claims are nothing but mere fabrications 2. Wood River, Illinois and Patoka, Illinois and Patoka, Illinois development costs $. With active public opposition when it was first announced majority of it is exported the project with... Crude oil marketing/refining and pipeline politics, but are these concerns justified Swift said 2019 Keystone! & quot ; We recognize that incidents its permit application for stay the! [ 270 keystone pipeline facts 2022 however, the Seaway line alone is not enough for oil transportation to the Gulf.. 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