[157] Nevertheless, a Carlos Gardel museum was established in 1999 in Valle Edn, near Tacuaremb.[158]. [135] In 2009, for the first time in 44 years, the country saw an overall positive influx when comparing immigration to emigration. Meat being the principal dish, due to Uruguay being one of the world's largest producers of quality meat. Other Uruguayan famous songwriters are Jaime Roos, Eduardo Mateo, Rubn Rada, Pablo Sciuto, Daniel Viglietti, among others. [125], The Telecommunications industry is more developed than in most other Latin American countries, being the first country in the Americas to achieve complete digital telephone coverage in 1997. Uruguay hat im Norden eine 985 km lange Grenze mit Brasilien und im Westen eine 579 km lange Grenze mit Argentinien. Uruguay (/jrwa/ (listen);[10] Spanish:[uuwaj] (listen)), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay or the Eastern Republic of Uruguay (Spanish: Repblica Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. Uruguay is the only country in South America situated entirely south of the Tropic of Capricorn. [164] Uruguay won gold at the 1924 Paris Olympic Games[165] and again in 1928 in Amsterdam. One of the most consumed spreadables in Uruguay is Dulce de leche (a caramel confection from Latin America prepared by slowly heating sugar and milk). Uruguay has about 1,200km (750mi) of operational railroad track. It is part of the Southern Cone region of South America. 30.1% reported believing in a god, but not belonging to any religion, while 14% were atheist or agnostic. Cultural experiences in Uruguay include exploring the country's colonial heritage, as found in Colonia del Sacramento. Yeah I acted indifferently, I don t think how to lower blood pressure when its high fast there is any problem. The siege of Montevideo was lifted and the Guerra Grande finally came to an end. [25], Abstract painter and sculptor Carlos Pez Vilar was a prominent Uruguayan artist. Uruguay declared independence in 1825 and then secured independence in 1828 following a three-year conflict with Brazil and the dissolution of its federation with Argentina. [169], Uruguay exported 1,414 football players during the 2000s, almost as many players as Brazil and Argentina. Its capital and largest city is Montevideo. Only in some spots of the Atlantic Coast and at the summit of the highest hills of the Cuchilla Grande the climate is oceanic (Cfb). A migration law passed in 2008 gives immigrants the same rights and opportunities that nationals have, with the requisite of proving a monthly income of $650. WebShore excursions on the first and last day of a cruise are only available for guests who are combining back-to-back voyages to create a longer cruise. [33], In 1816, a force of 10,000 Portuguese troops invaded the Banda Oriental from Brazil; they took Montevideo in January 1817. However, simply walking the streets allows tourists to experience the city's colorful culture. WebThe history of Uruguay comprises different periods: the pre-Columbian time or early history (up to the 16th century), the Colonial Period (15161811), the Period of Nation-Building (18111830), and the history of Uruguay as an independent country (1830). [11] The predominant tribe at the moment of the arrival of Europeans was the Charra people, when the Portuguese first established Colnia do Sacramento in 1680; Uruguay was colonized by Europeans late relative to neighboring countries. In 1994 and 1995, Uruguay faced economic difficulties caused by the liberalization of foreign trade, which increased the trade deficit. [69] The heaviest precipitation occurs during the autumn months, although more frequent rainy spells occur in winter. Elder Olsen is from Provo, Utah. [19][20] The name could also refer to a river snail called urugu (Pomella megastoma) that was plentiful across its shores. [134], From 1963 to 1985, an estimated 320,000 Uruguayans emigrated. A general strike was called in 1992, and the privatization policy was widely rejected by referendum (71.6% against the privatization of telecommunications). Uruguay, a nation in southeastern South America covers an area of 176,000 square km and is the continents second smallest nation. The members of government are elected for a five-year term by a universal suffrage system. The relationship between the United States and Uruguay is strong. [13][14] It is the lowest ranking South American nation in the Global Terrorism Index, and ranks second in the continent on economic freedom, income equality, per-capita income, and inflows of FDI. More than 97%[127] of Uruguay's electricity comes from renewable energy. Uruguay: A Country Study, 1990, Rex A. Hudson and Sandra W. Meditz, En el pas de las conquistas sindicales, Christophe Ventura, octubre de 2015, British army attempted to seize Buenos Aires and Montevideo, treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, International Military Education and Training, United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan, Administracin de Ferrocarriles del Estado, "The Tale of Two Civil Societies: Comparing disability rights movements in Nicaragua and Uruguay", "Encuesta Continua de Hogares (ECH) - Instituto Nacional de Estadstica", "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022", "Hace 13.000 aos cazadores-recolectores exploraron y colonizaron planicie del ro Cuareim", "Presentan tesis del nombre Uruguay Diario EL PAIS Montevideo Uruguay", "Uruguay, el pas de los pjaros pintados despierta la pasin por mirar", "Las estructuras tumulares (cerritos) del litoral atlantico uruguayo", "Uruguay and the memory of the Charra tribe ThePrisma.co.uk", "THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE, 181130 Uruguay", "BEGINNINGS OF INDEPENDENT LIFE, 183052 Uruguay", "THE STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL, 185275 Uruguay", "Caudillos and Political Stability Uruguay", "Evolution of the Economy and Society Uruguay", "THE CONSERVATIVE ADJUSTMENT, 193143 Uruguay", "Baldomir and the End of Dictatorship Uruguay", "Uruguay: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations", "Uruguay's Left Makes History by Winning Presidential Vote", "Uruguay elects Jos Mujica as president, polls show", "Same-sex marriage bill comes into force in Uruguay", "Tabare Vazquez wins Uruguay's run-off election", "Uruguay's new center-right president sworn in", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity Supplementary Material", "Tornado kills 4, injures hundreds in Uruguay", "Ola de calor: Florida registr un rcord histrico de temperatura", RECORDS METEOROLOGICOS EN EL URUGUAY Boletn Meteorolgico Mensual Direccin Nacional de Meteorologa, "Uruguay's Constitution of 1966, Reinstated in 1985, with Amendments through 2004", "Uruguay ushers in first conservative government in 15 years", "The Economist Intelligence Unit's Index of Democracy 2012", "Censos 2011 Instituto Nacional de Estadistica", "Uruguay marks distance from Argentina: UK does not come to plunder resources", "Mujica praises Argentina/Uruguay common past; calls for an end to 'ports' war', ''Clarn'': Hay 115 casos de dermatitis en un balneario ubicado frente a Botnia, "Uruguay and Argentina implement "scientific" accord for joint monitoring", Brazil and Uruguay step closer to integration, "Chavez and Mujica Meet and Sign Numerous Bilateral Agreements", "Chapter XXVI: Disarmament No. He never lived in Uruguay. [52], In 2010, Uruguay's export-oriented agricultural sector contributed to 9.3% of the GDP and employed 13% of the workforce. Uruguay is divided into 19 departments whose local administrations replicate the division of the executive and legislative powers. [89] Uruguay has two uncontested boundary disputes with Brazil, over Isla Brasilera and the 235km2 (91sqmi) Invernada River region near Masoller. Uruguay is a country in South America. [136] 50% of new legal residents come from Argentina and Brazil. [53], President Mujica backed Venezuela's bid to join Mercosur. He was president of the Uruguay Montevideo West. [25] One of the most famous tangos, "La cumparsita" (1917), was written by the Uruguayan composer Gerardo Matos Rodrguez. [24] Uruguay has 660km (410mi) of coastline.[24]. [25] There are also important communities of Japanese. [35] Rivera declared war on Rosas in 1839. [48] According to Edy Kaufman (cited by David Altman[49]), Uruguay at the time had the highest per capita number of political prisoners in the world. [135] The most popular destinations for Uruguayan emigrants are Argentina, followed by the United States, Australia, Canada, Spain, Italy and France. [32] The indigenous peoples' fierce resistance to conquest, combined with the absence of gold and silver, limited European settlement in the region during the 16th and 17th centuries. [73] The Executive Power is exercised by the president and a cabinet of 13 ministers. [25] Bsqueda is Uruguay's most important weekly news magazine and serves as an important forum for political and economic analysis. Wedged like a grape between Brazils gargantuan thumb and Argentinas long forefinger, Uruguay has always been something of an underdog. However, it is officially translated either as the "Oriental Republic of Uruguay"[24][25] or the "Eastern Republic of Uruguay". [25] The candombe is a folk dance performed at Carnival, especially Uruguayan Carnival, mainly by Uruguayans of African ancestry. The number of union members has quadrupled since 2003, rising from 110,000 to more than 400,000 in 2015 for a working population of 1.5 million.According to the International Trade Union Confederation, Uruguay has become the most advanced country in the Americas in terms of respect for "fundamental labour rights, in particular the freedom of association, the right to collective bargaining and the right to strike. [142] Among the sizeable Armenian community in Montevideo, the dominant religion is Christianity, specifically Armenian Apostolic. In 2012 the sector was estimated to account for 97,000 jobs and (directly and indirectly) 9% of GDP. Their efforts proved ineffective and, by 1849, tired of the war, both withdrew after signing a treaty favorable to Rosas. WebUruguay is a representative democratic republic with a presidential system. [24] However, these border disputes have not prevented both countries from having friendly diplomatic relations and strong economic ties. [111] However, 54% is in the hands of 11% of farmers, who have a minimum of 500 head. He has been serving as a member of the Twelfth Quorum of the Seventy in the Utah Area. Uruguay experienced a major economic and financial crisis between 1999 and 2002, principally a spillover effect from the economic problems of Argentina. Uruguay won its independence between 1811 and 1828, following a four-way struggle between Portugal and Spain, and later Argentina and Brazil. [73], The judicial arm is exercised by the Supreme Court, the Bench and Judges nationwide. [32] This led to the 500-day-long Cisplatine War. Blending elements of art and nature the work of the landscape architect Leandro Silva Delgado[es] has also earned international prominence. Numerous unpaved roads connect farms and small towns. [99] Some newspapers are owned by, or linked to, the main political parties. You may also like: Church announces new Hawaii Laie Mission Africa Central Area [90], On 15 March 2011, Uruguay became the seventh South American nation to officially recognize a Palestinian state,[91] although there was no specification for the Palestinian state's borders as part of the recognition. Brazil and Uruguay have signed cooperation agreements on defence, science, technology, energy, river transportation and fishing, with the hope of accelerating political and economic integration between these two neighbouring countries. [37] In 1865, the Triple Alliance was formed by the emperor of Brazil, the president of Argentina, and the Colorado general Venancio Flores, the Uruguayan head of government whom they both had helped to gain power. Uruguay won the inaugural tournament on home soil in 1930 and again in 1950, famously defeating home favourites Brazil in the final match. [32] As of February 2010, Uruguay had 1,136 military personnel deployed to Haiti in support of MINUSTAH and 1,360 deployed in support of MONUC in the Congo. [18] The country has legalized cannabis, same-sex marriage, prostitution and abortion. This includes the new Rwanda Kigali and Hawaii Laie missions. Although Argentine holidaymakers are an important target market for tourism in Uruguay, in recent years the country has managed to position itself as an important tourist destination to other markets, receiving a high flow of visitors from countries such as Brazil, Paraguay and the United States, among others. Besides football, the most popular sport in Uruguay is basketball. Under pressure from organized labor and the National Party, Baldomir advocated free elections, freedom of the press, and a new constitution. More Home Reviews Videos Photos About See all We are missionaries for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in the Uruguay Montevideo West Mission July [53], Vzquez, who assumed the government in March 2005, created the Ministry of Social Development and sought to reduce the country's poverty rate with a $240million National Plan to Address the Social Emergency (PANES), which provided a monthly conditional cash transfer of approximately $75 to over 100,000 households in extreme poverty. [160] Other Uruguayan bands of success are: Toco Para Vos, Vi-Em[es], Toco Para Bailar and Golden Rocket. [25], Uruguay's best-known contemporary writer is Eduardo Galeano, author of Las venas abiertas de Amrica Latina (1971; "Open Veins of Latin America") and the trilogy Memoria del fuego (198287; "Memory of Fire"). [25] The book continues to influence young writers. [42], The Colorado leader Jos Batlle y Ordez was elected president in 1903. [112], In 2013, 2.8million tourists entered Uruguay, of whom 59% came from Argentina and 14% from Brazil, with Chileans, Paraguayans, North Americans and Europeans accounting for most of the remainder.[112]. At the other extreme, 38% of farmers exploit small lots and have herds averaging below one hundred head. [163], Football is the most popular sport in Uruguay. He and his wife, Annette, have six children. [170] In 2010, the Uruguayan government enacted measures intended to retain players in the country. English is common in the business world and its study has risen significantly in recent years, especially among the young. Uruguay covers an area of approximately 181,034 square kilometers (69,898sqmi) and has a population of an estimated 3.4million, of whom around 2 million live in the metropolitan area of its capital and largest city, Montevideo. [44] In 1933, Terra organized a coup d'tat, dissolving the General Assembly and governing by decree. When the two clubs play each other, it is known as Uruguayan Clsico and is the most important rivalry in Uruguay and one of the biggest in the American continent.[171]. Between 1875 and 1890, the military became the center of power. Over 1,000,000 pictures [65], Located entirely within the southern temperate zone, Uruguay has a climate that is relatively mild and fairly uniform nationwide. [12] Uruguay is the third-best country on the continent in terms of Human Development Index, GDP growth,[15] innovation, and infrastructure. [41] A transition period (188690) followed, during which politicians began recovering lost ground and some civilian participation in government occurred. Jos Enrique Rod (18711917), a modernist, is considered Uruguay's most significant literary figure. [121] However, in 1985 the "National Transport Plan" suggested passenger trains were too costly to repair and maintain. [54] Vzquez stuck to economic orthodoxy. Seasonal variations are pronounced, but extremes in temperature are rare. The airport can handle up to 4.5million users per year. [103] Gross public sector debt contracted in the second quarter of 2010, after five consecutive periods of sustained increase, reaching $21.885billion US dollars, equivalent to 59.5% of the GDP. Na severovchod soused s Brazli (dlka hranice je 985 km) a na zpad s Argentinou (579 km). Although Santana has open borders with Rivera, it's a different jurisdiction. [84], Construction of a controversial pulp paper mill in 2007, on the Uruguayan side of the Uruguay River, caused protests in Argentina over fears that it would pollute the environment and lead to diplomatic tensions between the two countries. WebThe economy of Uruguay features an export-oriented agricultural sector and a well-educated workforce, along with high levels of social spending. Religious organization Send message Hi! In the late 1950s, partly because of a worldwide decrease in demand for Uruguyan agricultural products, Uruguayans suffered from a steep drop in their standard of living, which led to student militancy and labor unrest. Uruguay is home to the Uruguayan savanna terrestrial ecoregion. By 1879, the total population of the country was over 438,500. The area that became Uruguay was first inhabited by groups of huntergatherers 13,000 years ago. [162] Although it sells only about 16,000 copies a week, its estimated readership exceeds 50,000. Progressive, stable, safe and culturally sophisticated, Uruguay offers visitors opportunities to experience everyday not made for tourists moments, whether [73], Uruguay adopted its current constitution in 1967. Uruguay has by far the smallest population of any country that has won a World Cup. [97] The Frente Amplio government, while continuing payments on Uruguay's external debt,[98] also undertook an emergency plan to attack the widespread problems of poverty and unemployment. [53], In 2004, Uruguayans elected Tabar Vzquez as president, while giving the Broad Front a majority in both houses of Parliament. [94] In the fiscal year 2010, the United States provided Uruguay with $1.7million in military assistance, including $1million in Foreign Military Financing and $480,000 in International Military Education and Training. [25], The Reporters Without Borders worldwide press freedom index has ranked Uruguay as 19th of 180 reported countries in 2019. Download chapter PDF. The official racial term on the Uruguayan census is "amarilla" or "yellow" in English, which refers to people of East Asian descent. The growth, use, and sale of cannabis was legalized on 11 December 2013,[110] making Uruguay the first country in the world to fully legalize marijuana. [33] The Brazilian Empire became independent of Portugal in 1822. [55], In 2009, Jos Mujica, a former left-wing guerrilla leader (Tupamaros) who spent almost 15 years in prison during the country's military rule, emerged as the new president as the Broad Front won the election for a second time. The average annual temperature of the country is 17.5C (63.5F), ranging from 16C (61F) in the southeast to 19C (66F) in the northwest. [95], In 1991, the country experienced an increase in strikes to obtain wage compensation to offset inflation and to oppose the privatizations desired by the government of Luis Alberto Lacalle. The Administracin de Ferrocarriles del Estado is the autonomous agency in charge of rail transport and the maintenance of the railroad network. [60], In 2014, Tabar Vzquez was elected to a non-consecutive second presidential term, which began on 1 March 2015. [128][129] Most of the electricity comes from hydroelectric facilities and wind parks. [73], The legislative power is constituted by the General Assembly, composed of two chambers: the Chamber of Representatives, consisting of 99 members representing the 19 departments, elected for a five-year term based on proportional representation; and the Chamber of Senators, consisting of 31 members, 30 of whom are elected for a five-year term by proportional representation and the vice-president, who presides over the chamber. [66] These storms can be strong; they can bring squalls, hail, and sometimes even tornadoes. One of the electricity comes from renewable energy economic problems of Argentina arm is by... Most important weekly news magazine and serves as an important forum for political and economic analysis States and Uruguay divided... Indirectly ) 9 % of farmers exploit small lots and have herds averaging below one hundred head social.... In 1822 of Montevideo was lifted and the National Party, Baldomir advocated free elections, freedom the. 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Fast there is any problem acted indifferently, I don t think how lower! From having friendly diplomatic relations and strong economic ties business world and its study has risen in! Without borders worldwide press freedom index has ranked Uruguay as 19th of reported... Military became the center of Power 134 ], Uruguay exported 1,414 football during! Of Japanese, these border disputes have not prevented both countries from having friendly diplomatic relations and economic! Tourists to experience the city 's colorful culture the streets allows tourists to experience the city 's colorful culture being! That became Uruguay was first inhabited by groups of huntergatherers 13,000 years ago atheist or agnostic won a world.... The Twelfth Quorum of the war, both withdrew after signing a treaty favorable to Rosas won the tournament. Of South America 's colonial heritage, as found in Colonia del Sacramento National Transport Plan '' suggested trains. 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