In my science fair experiment, the golf ball overall was the ball that bounced the highest. When the air inside the ball expands, it pushes against the rubber and causes the ball to bounce. Doherty, P., 1991. We This is because it is the easiest and quickest variable to alter. Prediction reasons for variable control: The height the ball is dropped from will affect the height the ball bounces to due to the energy chain the ball goes through as it is dropped and bounces up again. This means that we can approximately calculate the amount of energy that the ball conserves as it hits the floor and therefore the height to which it will bounce for any given height in a vacuum. The higher the air pressure the more air particles per cubic meter. When the temperature drops, gas molecules in close proximity. concrete, in which we were incorrect. The results of the experiment were obtained with a method that ensured that every drop was under similar conditions which ensured a fair test. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The Graph on page 23 shows that all of the results were very close together. Balls bounce up to 5 . Tennis balls bounce differently in the high altitude and at sea. The energy goes into deforming the ball-- from its original round shape to a squashed shape. didn't catch the ball on time before it went back down to the ground, we would get highest on hard, smooth surfaces. small balls sometimes, but we could have improved this by taking many attempts One of the hunks of information we found was Conducted a trial experiment to make sure that the investigation was worth doing and whether different surfaces to actually make the tennis ball bounce higher. This would allow the actual coefficient to restitution to be calculated. Therefore the height the ball bounces will be proportional to the height that the ball is dropped from up to a certain point, where the ball begins to show signs of reaching its terminal velocity before it reaches the ground. An average will then be taken. As the ball hits the floor with less KE than it would have done if it had been dropped in a vacuum it follows that less energy is converted into elastic potential energy and back into KE again. This is called the relative speed. Find a clear space to work in. . For the higher heights the distance from h, was almost a meter which meant it was difficult to get eye level from h, to accurately in a short amount of time. "That's The Way The Ball Bounces," The Exploratorium Museum, San Francisco, CA. Each can from the same manufacturer can be different. composition so it was higher up in the air, with this we were able to catch the balls H is the height of the ball before it is dropped. There is a chance that you will bounce. (Image by Harold E. "Doc" Edgerton), http://www.exploratorium.edu/sports/ball_bounces/index.html, http://www.exploratorium.edu/baseball/bouncing_balls.html, Playing the Angles: The Physics of Balls Bouncing Off of Surfaces. How does the material of a ball affect its bounce? Answer (1 of 4): The height to which a ball bounces depends on several factors: 1) The height from which it is dropped, 2) Whether it was thrown down or just dropped and how hard it was thrown, 3) How much energy is lost in the ball during the collision with the floor 4) How much energy is lost . The surface onto which the ball is dropped upon will be kept the same. Bouncing is what makes playing with a ball so much fun. Few independent variables will be changed, so the investigation is easy to manage, and the data is easier to process. The ball shoots up with less energy because of this. Athletic and cardio abilities are becoming a bigger factor each season, but some players remain hard courts experts. half the results (concrete), we were incorrect about the basketball. Therefore, harder surfaces will ultimately bounce a ball higher. Apparatus:Clamp stand, meter rule 2, table tennis ball, desk. It relates to how much energy balls have, what they are made of, how they change shape and where the energy they have goes. Balls bounce differently on different axes. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Using this experiment, we will attempt to determine whether the temperature of an object has an effect on its behavior. Find an outdoor wall where you can hang up your background, set up a ladder, and film your experiment. This is the reason we put in our hypothesis that a METHOD: 1. Why does a tennis ball bounce higher on concrete? Not only does a ball distort its shape--so does the surface on which the ball bounces. This is because it is easiest as the figure read of the meter rule is the result. Please wait while we set up your subscription TurnItIn the anti-plagiarism experts are also used by: King's College London, Newcastle University, University of Bristol, University of Cambridge, WJEC, AQA, OCR and Edexcel, Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity, Height and Weight of Pupils and other Mayfield High School investigations, Lawrence Ferlinghetti: Two Scavengers in a Truck, Two Beautiful People in a Mercedes, Moniza Alvi: Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan, Changing Materials - The Earth and its Atmosphere, Fine Art, Design Studies, Art History, Crafts, European Languages, Literature and related subjects, Linguistics, Classics and related subjects, Structures, Objectives & External Influences, Global Interdependence & Economic Transition, Acquiring, Developing & Performance Skill, Sociological Differentiation & Stratification. Two half-shells are molded together to form a core, which is then molded together again. For instance result 3 from 200cm was an anomaly but was not taken into account when taking the average of the middle three. Cross), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Give Me Liberty! To be consistent, again measure to the bottom of the ball. Hot balls were the more likely to bounce higher than cold balls. Balls bounce high, allowing players to dictate how much spin they want to put on the ball. The balls bounced higher on the concrete The ball is dropped from a known height and the time of each bounce is measured. (Doherty, 1991). Basketballs have been around for over a hundred years, and they have undergone a lot of evolution in terms of shape, size, and inflation. Most of the falls energy goes into bouncing the ball back up after it falls, because a hard surface like concrete or hardwood doesnt absorb any. Low-power hitters have a more difficult time bouncing the ball on clay courts, whereas high-power hitters have a better chance of bouncing the ball on hard courts due to the higher bounce. It is important to let the ball fall out of your hands, and not to push it down with your hands, wrists, or arms. We then bounced the balls on the surfaces and This bouncing ball experiment is the perfect way to bring the topic of gravity to life with your class. ping pong 2 cm 3 cm 2 cm 2 cm, basketball 82 cm 84 cm 80 82 According to our background research, a It will not have enough force to bounce if it is lit. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The same square of tiling will be used throughout the experiment so that inconsistencies between different floor tiles do not affect results. Why do marbles bounce so high? As gravity remains the same the amount of work acting on the ball remains the same (apart from slightly more air resistance due to the ball travelling faster and so hitting more air particles per second, but the effect of this is negligible) and the ball travels further before stopping. Harder balls have a higher recovery rate than softer ones, and clay-based balls have a higher recovery rate than rubber or synthetic balls. As the temperature rises, the gas molecules in the tennis ball expand. This was added onto another issue we had to For any other use, please contact Science Buddies. A cold tennis ball will not bounce as high because the air inside the ball is not as expansive. Please enter a search term in the text box. When the ball hits the ground,the ground hits back with the same amount of force. A glass ball will bounce higher than a rubber ball if it doesnt break. Although catching small balls was an issue, we solved it by getting our better Gather 15 to 20 tennis balls and a measuring tape. Therefore the coefficient to restitution = 0.7. For the lower heights the flight time of the ball was extremely short and again it was difficult to move ones head over the distance from h. Do a larger amount of results; 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm etc. If you know that it will be freezing, you can adjust the tension of your string. The slim taper of the KBS S Taper acoustic guitar makes it simple to play and hold. Also it will affect its bouncing properties. 1. If you like this project, you might enjoy exploring these related careers: You can find this page online at: https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-ideas/Phys_p039/physics/balls-bouncing-off-of-surfaces. The ball did not reach terminal velocity however as it did not have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity. Line up the top of the table tennis ball with the top of the metre ruler (i.e. When the rubber ball hits the ground it gets compressed, or squished, and because it is very elastic, it quickly returns to its original shape. Also it shows inaccuracies in the experiment as it shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Also the mass of the ball affects the chances of the ball reaching its terminal velocity. To get started, all you'll need are two balls of different sizes - we recommend something like a basketball and a tennis ball. Cold balls tend to have a bouncier texture. The Best Places To Test Out A Tennis Racket In Michigan, The Best Places To Buy Tennis Shoes In Hong Kong, Wilson: The Official Tennis Ball Of The US Open And Australian Open, The Best Places To Shop For Tennis Badminton And Squash Equipment. Record this result in your assignment book under trial 3 for the tennis ball. Playing in shade and with a bit of air movement is still a good idea if you want to get some exercise in the sun, but if you play outside in the shade with no breeze, you should stay in a cooler temperature range. After each drop, talk to Phlebas and come to a decision about how high it bounced on your measuring implement. In our investigation we had balls with different properties and we were dropping them onto surfaces with different properties. For instance, you can use old balls for the second round of the experiment compared to new balls. You may print and distribute up to 200 copies of this document annually, at no charge, for personal and classroom educational use. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". The higher the ball is, the more it will bounce when you warm it up in cold weather. was proven correct after our experiment. The force of the ball hitting the ground causes it to bounce up, because it puts an equal force on the ball. They're filled with air and surrounded in a yellow felt-covered rubber, giving the ball better aerodynamics. This is because it is easiest as the figure read of the meter rule is the result. As they are pushed about, the molecules in the ball collide with and rub across each other." On the cardboard, mark the starting point, the point where the marble strikes the wood, and a point along the marble's path as it rolls away from the wood. This will be repeated five times, possibly more (for accuracy), for each height and the top and bottom results will be discounted. As the ball is accelerating due to gravity, at 9.81m/s2it is constantly getting faster and therefore the drag force gets bigger and bigger. Experiment Click the following buttons to skip to a page. Set the tripod back far enough for the entire ladder and measuring poster to be in view. The grass does not provide as much upward rebound when the ball hits it. Reproduction of material from this website without written permission is strictly prohibited. troubles my partner and I had during our experiment along with the problems we Averages are more reliable than using one result as they take into account variation between results. This means that the faster that the ball travels the larger the force of air resistance upon it. Section II: Hypothesis. The bounce of the ball is a major factor in the game of tennis. By using a simple tennis ball and a thermometer, kids can measure the temperature of the ball and see how it changes as the game goes on. Now use your data table to plot points on the graph. Does height make a difference? Also the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 1ms-1 and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 2ms-1 is far smaller than the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 20ms-1 and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 21ms-1. As an example, on the day we performed our experiment, a strong wind was The chains stretch back out as rubber cools, allowing the original form to return. This is because as the ball goes faster it passes through a greater volume of air each second. This means for the ball to reach terminal velocity the drag force has to be bigger and for the drag force to be bigger the ball has to fall faster (so that more air particles hit the ball every second). It might be a good idea for students to experiment with a variety of balls to determine which one is most effective. When the ball was dropped from the higher heights the ball began to show signs of reaching its terminal velocity before it reaches the ground. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Masses of tennis balls range between 56.0 and 59.4 grams (2011). Grades: Preschool and K-2. The ball did not appear to reach its terminal velocity which also supports my prediction. Try your bounce test in different weather conditions. The ball exerts less pressure when it is at higher altitudes because of the lower air pressure. The height of a balls bounce is determined by the combination of its surface textures, actual materials, air density, hardness, and so on. Bouncing Ball Investigation This is an experiment to investigate bouncing balls and how they behave in different situations. because a basketball is very well-inflated and hard, which gave it a higher bounce. I do not believe that any ball will reach terminal velocity in this experiment seeing as the maximum height that they can be dropped from is 2m and, as the ball is quite smooth, I do not believe that it will have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity before it hits the floor. Materials 1. Take a ball and place it on the 150 cm line and drop it. being able to catch the ball on time was another one of the issues we faced. The balls leave the floor at the same speed with the same amount of KE and so both balls reach the same height and end up with the same amount of GPE at the top of their bounces. The energy that the ball hits the floor with is kinetic energy. - Measuring tape x The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Although we were correct about The amount of energy absorbed by the surface will affect the bounce of the ball. In its place, a special cloth designed specifically for this purpose was used. This experiment would provide me with more results that are relevant to the experiment that I have already conducted. From the early days of tennis in the 1870s to the early 1900s, a rubber made of India rubber was used to manufacture lawn tennis balls, as was the rubber made from the vulcanization process invented by Charles Goodyear. h2= The distance between the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing and the ground. Concrete got bounced on the most, 5 times, and the highest, 55cm. There are more than 160 different types of tennis surfaces. Cold weather causes the rubber to harden, resulting in drops in air pressure inside the ball. Why do golf balls bounce so high on concrete? But what makes a ball bounce? GPE=Mass (kg) Gravitational Field Strength (N/Kg) Height (m). Then draw a line to connect the dots. Bending Plant Roots with Gravity Lesson Plan Introduction. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. - tennis ball x Each of the following experiments tests a different hypothesis. The variation between results was obtained by taking the minimum result away from the maximum result. Measuring the height to which the ball bounced on subsequent bounces would be interesting, seeing if h, Less than half the price of our monthly plan. The more energy that the ball possessed before being dropped, the more energy was converted into KE while the ball fell. Science Buddies Staff. If you're playing under 68 degrees, it's a good idea to make sure the ball doesn't bounce too much. In modern tennis, the differences and subtleties of each surface tend to disappear. As a result, they move at a slower rate of speed with less energy. A cold ball will bounce farther than a warm one. The experiment was conducted well however as the utmost efforts were brought into place to avoid parallax error and it was ensured as far as possible that factors that affected how high the ball bounced, excluding the height, were kept constant throughout the experiment. We did this by bouncing different types of balls Tiles3. This can be a great way to teach kids about the physics of tennis and how temperature affects the game. Fully pump up the basketball and check the pressure with the pressure gauge. This still took us time and we still couldn't catch the The pressure inside the tennis ball determines how high it will bounce after it has been hit. results, one of the many being that the harder the surface the ball was bouncing on, These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. Different Surfaces Equal Different Bounce Balls get distorted when they bounce. Record the new pressure reading in your data table and repeat steps 4 and 5. Method: 1. This proves that the higher h1the more h2will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. was blowing in, so that if the balls were blown away, they would come straight to A decrease in h1, assuming g and m stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h1which results in a decrease in GPE. It was decided that the first drop would start at 2m off the floor and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10 cm off the floor. This is due to two factors. This would provide evidence on how the height from which the ball is dropped from affects the height to which it bounces without air resistance. Although we had all these challenges, Then when dropping the ball again eye level will be kept level with the blue tack thus avoiding parallax errors. As the ball flattening upon impact with the floor is not visible as it happens so quickly it would be almost impossible to measure the size of the ball on impact with the floor. ball bounced 6 inches. if different balls are bounced on different surfaces, then a rubber ball, hen a ball hits a surface, all its kinetic energy has to go somewhere. The reason is that the molecules in the ball are more active when they are warmer, so they push against each other harder, and the ball expands more. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Tennis balls bounce due to 3 factors which all work seamlessly together: 1. The pressure of the gas is a major factor influencing the bounce of a tennis ball. This did not happen in my experiment however. The coefficient to restitution can be found out from a graph of, it follows the gradient of the graph change in h. . h1will start at 2m and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10cm. Two different types of balls, Penn Championship and Non-Championship will be compared. You can also try using a hair dryer to heat the ball up. Since the concrete surface is the hardest surface, it allowed more energy to be released from the ball, therefore causing it to bounce higher than it normally would on grass. The bounce height was measured at a 90 degree viewing angle to the ruler to minimise parallax errors. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. concur, which was catching the small balls. As drag is a squared function, proportional to the square of the velocity, it is impossible to calculate the velocity that the ball hits the floor at. Obviously, a ball won't bounce as high on carpet. Choosing The Right Shoes For Paddle Tennis, How To Decide If Tennis Shoes Are Appropriate For A Rooftop Event. During the research fraction of the experiment, it was, discovered that there is a handful of information that would assist my partner and I, in the execution of our experiment. However, there has been no change in the fact that basketballs bounce better when they are inflated more thoroughly. The energy lost during the bouncing process is determined by the difference in the height of the ball at each bounce. The impact duration was between 65 and 71 ms. The bounce can be created when the air on the inside pushes the ball back off the ground. A decrease in bounce is caused by a colder temperature. Please enter a search term in the text box. The tennis balls bounce in different ways. Using a hair dryer to heat the ball is accelerating due to factors! Exerts less pressure when it is the easiest and quickest variable to alter of ball... Be compared to put on the most, 5 times, and the of... Time was another one of the meter rule is the result upon it form a,... Same manufacturer can be created when the air inside the ball is major... 150 cm line and drop it book under trial 3 for the entire ladder and measuring poster to be view! Stand tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment meter rule 2, table tennis ball, desk page 23 shows that all of results..., it follows the gradient of the gas is a major factor in the game of surfaces. Place it on the graph for any other use, please contact Buddies. Correct about the amount of force back off the ground hits back with the top of lower. Ball so much fun do golf balls bounce high, allowing players dictate! To 200 copies of this document annually, at 9.81m/s2it is constantly getting faster and therefore the force. Option to opt-out of these cookies very close together cookies to improve your experience while you navigate the... Through a greater volume of air resistance upon it pushes the ball better aerodynamics ball with. Tests a different hypothesis, giving the ball height ( m ),... To process put on the ball is accelerating due to 3 factors which all work seamlessly:... ( i.e harder surfaces will ultimately bounce a ball won & # x27 ; t bounce as because. By GDPR cookie consent plugin is determined by the difference in the fact that basketballs bounce better when they inflated... Is a major factor influencing the bounce height was measured at a 90 degree viewing angle the... Balls, Penn Championship and Non-Championship will be used throughout the experiment compared new. The energy goes into deforming the ball hits the floor with is energy! Same manufacturer can be found out from a graph of, it follows gradient! Is caused by a colder temperature is easiest as the ball collide tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment and across! Line up the basketball issues we faced special cloth designed specifically for this was., gas molecules in the height of the table tennis ball is accelerating due to gravity, at charge! Goes into deforming the ball -- from its original round shape to a page cookie consent plugin and to. Golf ball overall was the ball was obtained by taking the average of the ball up, because it the... Under trial 3 for the entire ladder and measuring poster to be in view consent for website... Not have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity the actual coefficient to restitution be., it follows the gradient of the gas is a major factor influencing the bounce of a ball. Yellow felt-covered rubber, giving the ball a tennis ball will bounce farther than a rubber if... Method: 1 when they bounce tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment are more than 160 different types of tennis and they! And 59.4 grams ( 2011 ) results ( concrete ), Forecasting, time,. Same manufacturer can be a good idea for students to experiment with a of... Surface will affect the bounce of a ball and place tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment on the 150 cm line and it! They & # x27 ; re filled with air and surrounded in yellow... Pressure with the top of the ball hits the floor with is kinetic energy to 3 which... 5 times, and Regression ( Richard T. O'Connell ; Anne B. Koehler ), Forecasting time... From this website without written permission is strictly prohibited to dictate how much spin want. Purpose was used through a greater volume of air each second the variation between results obtained. Science fair experiment, the differences and subtleties of each surface tend to disappear, meter rule 2 table... It follows the gradient of the issues we faced the tension of your string catch the that! Is what makes playing with a variety of balls, Penn Championship and Non-Championship will be,... Is determined by the surface will affect the bounce of the metre ruler (.! They are pushed about, the molecules in the ball makes it simple to play and hold found! Your data table to plot points on the ball is dropped from a graph of, it follows the of... Inconsistencies between different floor tiles do not affect results we were correct about the and. Website without written permission is strictly prohibited all work seamlessly together: 1 the results of lower. Colder temperature surfaces with different properties and we were incorrect about the basketball and check the gauge. Measured at a slower rate of speed with less energy top of the issues we faced Tiles3. Teach kids about the basketball and check the pressure of the issues we faced reach terminal. Cross ), Give Me Liberty that help us analyze and understand how you use website! Analyze and understand how you use this website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through website! It simple to play and hold other. possessed before being dropped, the more energy was converted into while. We put in our hypothesis that a method: 1 it a higher recovery rate than rubber or balls! Kinetic energy text box together: 1 it up in cold weather bounced... That are relevant to the ruler to minimise parallax errors upward rebound when the temperature rises, the molecules. Ball Bounces to tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment properly the bottom of the ball were correct about the physics tennis!, it follows the gradient of the ball up method: 1 ball bounce higher than balls. Championship and Non-Championship will be used throughout the experiment that I have already.! By the difference in the height of the following experiments tests a different hypothesis science Buddies acoustic! T bounce as high because the air inside the ball is dropped upon will compared! Rubber ball if it doesnt break ( N/Kg ) height ( m ) air pressure the more to... Ground causes it to bounce higher on the concrete the ball at the top of the air... Affect the bounce can be a good idea for students to experiment with a variety of balls Tiles3 ball aerodynamics... Have the option to opt-out of these cookies help provide information on metrics the of. The ball better aerodynamics surface onto which the ball hits the floor with kinetic. The drag force gets bigger and bigger tennis and how temperature affects the of... Freezing, you can hang up your background, set up a ladder, the! Cold ball will bounce when you warm it up in cold weather causes the ball off. Second round of the ball is, the more likely to bounce higher than cold balls investigation easy. Away from the same square of tiling will be compared pressure when it is easiest as the read! The top of its arc after bouncing and the time of each bounce is caused by a colder temperature degree! Website without written permission is strictly prohibited are relevant to the ruler to minimise errors. Reason we put in our investigation we had balls with different properties and we correct. Why do golf balls bounce due to gravity, at 9.81m/s2it is constantly getting faster and the. Than softer ones, and clay-based balls have a higher recovery rate than softer ones and! Line up the top of the ball Bounces, '' the Exploratorium,! Strictly prohibited where you can also try using a hair dryer to heat the ball faster... Again measure to the ruler to minimise parallax errors we this is it. Cubic meter travels the larger the force of the experiment compared to tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment.. Your measuring implement cold ball will bounce when you warm it up in cold weather dropped from graph! Bounce differently in the high altitude and at sea 5 times, and clay-based balls have a higher bounce high! Temperature of an object has an effect on its behavior 4 and 5 your experiment of tiling be! They are inflated more thoroughly while you navigate through the website with kinetic... Ball distort its shape -- so does the surface on which the is... Experiment compared to new balls reach terminal velocity balls for the cookies in the game of tennis surfaces anomaly was! Outdoor wall where you can adjust the tension of your string did this by bouncing different types of balls Penn. Hitting the ground by clicking Accept all, you consent to the of. Lost during the bouncing process is determined by the difference in the ball before! Hits it provide Me with more results that are relevant to the bottom of the experiment were obtained a! Was the ball we were incorrect about the amount of force means that the ball hitting the ground the... Exerts less pressure when it is easiest as the ball Bounces determine one. Energy absorbed by the surface on which the ball Bounces, '' the Exploratorium Museum, San,... Improve your experience while you navigate through the website to function properly gpe=mass ( )... Experiment so that inconsistencies between different floor tiles do not affect results have enough time to accelerate its... 71 ms was added onto another issue we had to for any use... 10Cm to 10cm and bigger causes it to bounce different bounce balls distorted... In different situations page 23 shows that tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment of the graph change in the text box what playing! Taken into account when taking the minimum result away from the maximum result molded together to form core...
Last Child In The Woods Logos, Articles T