$Mi8FB{N~JY@U,:pv=2/4/t4YB9w9AJG0bj.B] LS&8P7.XOb1 W_6M'=5W8reKroH[W*Kh0*b~\o[^4jnx ^x 3.3 Identify skills and approaches needed for resolving conflicts (Level 2 Diploma in Care, Responsibilities of a care worker) 3.3 Identify skills and approaches needed for resolving . In times of conflict, there is usually a breakdown of law and order, and some people tend to take undue advantage to abuse the fundamental human rights of others. (i) Fear and Insecurity However, the military coups have had the unintended outcome of contributing to the political and economic maturity of the state. As a class, review the first current events source. The first step would involve the manager pulling the employees aside, and having one-on-one informal conversations with each of them to gain an understanding of what has taken place. Inequalities tend to arise principally out of differences in economic development and to some extent endowment in natural resources. Goal incompatibility and differentiation is a fairly common occurrence. They can generate chaos and progress, separation and cohesion. More often than not our facilitators around the world begin our leadership workshops by asking some version of the following question: There was a time when that inquiry would be met with responses that sounded something like this: Im not really sure. Conflicts happen when employees have to compete for managerial support, tools and equipment, or finances. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Facilitative Mediation . These styles can be a major source of many conflicts, irritating as may! (x) Creation of more job opportunities in the rural areas We can say that there is no organization without conflicts and no social group without disputes . Again, politics can offer great examples of intragroup conflict when candidates from each party conflict with each other over policies. Interdependence describes the extent to which employees rely on other employees to get their work done. Its different from conflict, but its easy to see how some of the skills one uses to be a great negotiator are snatched from conflict resolution. There are four basic types: inter/intrapersonal and inter/intragroup. Analysts who consider identities such as ethnicity to be primordial are correct in that identities are not simple to assume and discard. The four causes of conflict are: differing aims and methods, competing or disparage goals, differences in philosophies and personality conflicts. GDP per Capita (USD), ibid. Interpersonal conflict can be seen any time two people disagree on a topic. Identify four sources of conflicts in Ghana (b) Explain four effects of conflicts in Ghana. A number of studies have emphasized the broad disparity between the North and the South of the country in terms of levels of economic development and the general quality of life resulting in the relative backwardness of Northern Ghana in relation to Southern Ghana. (vii) Employment difficulties for school leavers Departments within the organization feel like they are working at cross-purposes, even though theyre both operating under the assumption that their choices are best for the company. This led to an increase in the general price of goods, placing the ordinary Ghanaians under significant financial pressure. endstream endobj 3501 0 obj<>/W[1 1 1]/Type/XRef/Index[202 3273]>>stream First layer is always misunderstanding. [13] RW 2000. 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The analysis suggests that almost all the respondants are of the view that an impending major conflict is likely to occur in the Northern Region. Personality conflicts make work rough. Some of these practices are puberty rites, widowhood rites, forced marriages, female genital mutilation, etc. (iv) Increased cost of living These efforts have seen growth and development within the country. A High-Level Panel convened by UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan outlined several areas in which the UNs capacity for international assistance could be improved. Y' ]bf!S4)J# I{. ){to\8a|hEu\.bVYN8=XnQ`;X80K!V. info@africaportal.org, Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA Ghana), View highlights from our past newsletters. A Dream Deferred: The Democratic Peace After the Arab Spring, THE ROLE OF THE AFRICAN UNION IN AFRICAN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS, Power Politics and Interstate War in Africa, Realpolitiks and the Deceptive Use of Islamist Narratives in Armed Struggles: The Case of the Northern Mali Conflict, Civil Wars in Greater Sudan and South Sudan Civil War in South Sudan: Is it a Reflection of Historical Secessionist and Natural Resource wars in " Greater Sudan ", The Organization of African Unity and Its Role in Regional Confli, The Algerian Security Approach towards the Sahel region: Case of Mali, more information -www.cambridge.org/9780521882385. (xv) Educating the rural populace on dangers involved with urban migration and opportunities in rural areas. (vi) Increase in criminal activities (vii) Increased unemployment rate (viii) Reduced economic productivity One shift picks up where another leaves off. The R&D team might come up with something fantastic, featuring loads of bells and whistles that the consumer will put to excellent use. (a) Reasons for saving (xiii) Amendment of negative cultural practices It remains a challenge for the ruling party and the people of Ghana to maintain peace and keep the momentum to grow the economy. CLICK TO VIEW ANSWERS TO PART 2, 1. One of these lay in the creation of a Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), which would fill what Annan described as an institutional gap in the UNs peace and security architecture. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. (ii) Disruption of social activities This standard, not an uncommon practice, creates heavy competition within its employee ranks. Differences in interest from the point of view of the stakeholders can be a significant cause of conflicts during a project. If there aren't enough material and supplies for every worker, then those who do get resources and those who don't are likely to experience conflict. By submitting your contact form you agree to be contacted by PESA associates regarding your query. Angola-Sino relations have expanded from the 1960s and 1970s not just for Angola but for the entire African continent. (iii) They help to uphold law and order SOURCES OF LAW IN GHANA (ARTICLE 11, CHAPTER 4 ). (ii) Helps to ensure the security of ones future (for a rainy day) (iii) Enables one to purchase or do something expensive in future. Why do you think this is? 3.1 Vague Definition of Responsibility. The times when subsistence farming was enough are past and gone. 1. Depending on the type of conflict, you can choose a different course of action. The military-civilian government ushered in after the 1966 coup used inflation targeting as a fiscal measure to normalise markets[7]. (vi) Bribery, Corruption and Embezzlement Almost all SOEs in Ghana are perceived to have various levels of bribery, corruption and embezzlement present in them. In facilitative mediation or traditional mediation, a professional mediator attempts to facilitate negotiation between the parties in conflict. In addition to this, confidential surveys, interviews and focus groups can be a good way of uncovering interpersonal sources of conflict. (a) (b) Give four reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana . Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. The states in question were commonly among the poorest in the world, and many were considered to be failed states, having lost the ability to maintain order or advance their own socio-economic development. Political Conflict Theory: The conflict within us, that of our tastes and passions and opinions, arises as politics (be it local, state, national, or international). Land has remained a thorny social, economic and political issue which has generated a lot of ethnic conflicts between Konkombas and Bimobas, Konkombas and Dagombas, Konkombas and Nanumbas, Konkombas and Gonjas, Gonjas and Nawuris and recently Konkombas and Nawuris. His duties include the appointment of the members of the Army Council which oversee the entire military operations. monster simulator games; lantern by sofi phone number I feel like its a lifeline. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. A strong correlation between economic performance and conflict has been a feature throughout Ghana's history. Task-Sharing and Peace Operations : the role of the Organisation Internationale La Francophonie , International Peacekeeping, 19, 3, 2012, pp. The belief that one must not sweep at night Sources of Conflict: Early reviews in the field of conflict resolution identified a large number of schemes for describing sources or types of conflict (Fink, 1968; Mack & Snyder, 1958). The belief that one must not go fishing on specific days The Bank of Ghana has, further, adopted monetary policy that is more transparent and accessible to the lay person[10]. - Definition & Examples, Largest Revenue Sources for the Federal Government, Dealignment in Politics: Definition, Theory & Example, Political Nomination: Definition & Process, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, People living together conflict over who didn't put the cap on the toothpaste. from different sources: illegal land transfer, institutions and individual vested interest on land, squatting on communal lands, inheritance procedure awareness, and . The era following Ghanas independence was characterised by authoritarian rule: Nkrumah introduced a one-party state and promulgating laws legitimizing detention without trial for up to five years. The paper is an account of the emergence of particular identities and inequalities and their role in promoting instability, conflict and violence. Ghana: Conflict between the Konkomba and Nanumba Tribes and the Government Response to the Conflict (1994-September 2000), on the RefWorld Website, viewed on 28 September 2018, from http://www.refworld.org/. 0000015376 00000 n Research Methods in Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Research Methods in Psychology: Tutoring Solution, FTCE School Psychologist PK-12 (036) Prep, CLEP Introductory Psychology Exam: Study Guide & Test Prep, UExcel Social Psychology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to Social Psychology: Certificate Program, Social Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Educational Psychology: Tutoring Solution, Educational Psychology: Homework Help Resource, UExcel Research Methods in Psychology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Research Methods in Psychology: Certificate Program, Research Methods in Psychology: Help and Review, Introduction to Psychology: Homework Help Resource, High School Psychology: Homeschool Curriculum, Create an account to start this course today. Industrial conflicts are basically two types; Strikes. Several scholarly works on conflicts in the sub-region have identified bad governance and corruption as the underpinning factors fuelling and renewing violence in West Africa. Strikes are a temporary cessation of work by a group of employees in order to express grievances or to enforce a demand concerning changes in work conditions. 0000006706 00000 n This was a key theme in the early history of Ghana's independence. If so, what? A belief system based on perceptions of the supernatural or the spiritual realm rather than on factual reasoning, (ii) Examples of superstitious beliefs M. Simmons and P. Dixon (2006), Peace by Piece, Addressing Sudan's Conflicts, London, Concordis. Let's look at some instances of this dispute: 1) One friend wants to open a cafe, while the other wants . (vii) Helps one to be seen as financially reliable and responsible (good reputation) This article throws light on the four important levels of conflicts in organisation, i.e (1) Individual Level Conflict, (2) Interpersonal Conflict, (3) Group Level Conflict, and (4) Organisation Level Conflict. Create your account. 0000000016 00000 n 5 Violent conflicts in Ghana: four cases 29 5.1 The Konkomba conflicts 29 5.1.1 . When conflict is addressed maturely with an eye to a positive resolution it can, in most cases, lead to growth among all the conflicting parties. Conflicts in Nigeria, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cte . The belief that a childs tooth that comes out must be thrown on a rooftop. Conflict that exists between two people is called interpersonal conflict. Discover sources of the four main types of conflict: interpersonal, intrapersonal, intergroup, and. If you continue to use this website without changing your cookie settings or you click "Accept" below then you are consenting to this. Of all the ethnic groups, the Ashanti were known . Think back to your favorite movie or book. An organizations reward system can be a source of conflict, particularly if the organization sets up a win-lose environment for employee rewards. By its nature therefore customary law is not easily ascertainable. Identities, Inequalities and Conflicts in Ghana. Ethnic conflict exists in every country and Ghana is just one of them. Data were drawn from secondary and primary sources. Workplace Conflict Examples & Resolutions | What is Conflict Management? What Is Better: Fostering an Educational Application or Purchasing an Instant One? Ghanas is currently ranked fifth among Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in terms of regional integration in, which measures surpassing economic supper-power Nigeria which is ranked ninth[8]. The same standards of work, production numbers, and clean-up should be upheld by all three teams. Melak D., Gela A. A glaring pattern of inequality in Ghana manifests itself in the North-South dichotomy in development. The cookie settings on this website are set to "allow cookies" to give you the best browsing experience possible. Causes of Conflict. PESA may also use the information you have provided for internal record-keeping or other business requirements. (ii) Incompetent and inefficient staff Some SOEs are staffed with personnel with relatively low levels of training, experience and skills. They have a Doctorate in Education from Nova Southeastern University, a Master of Arts in Human Factors Psychology from George Mason University and a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Flagler College. [any five], 3. You want the difference of opinion to possibly identify new and different ways of doing things but you have to be prepared to deal with the conflict that occurs when passionate, committed people come together to solve a problem or address an issue. 4-14. The last approach is to avoid the conflict entirely. The Dagbon chieftaincy conflict is one of the most retrogressive and protracted conflicts in Northern Ghana, dating back to the mid-19th century. An "Act" means the whole Act, whereas a section or, part of a section in an Act may be an enactment. They include the Dagbon, Bawku, Bimbilla, Bolga and Bole chieftaincy conflicts. (a) Why was the Watson Commission set up? This conflict stemmed from a trade dispute, which also factored issues of land access and use. succeed. They start make adjustments to the design, saving money by using less expensive materials than what were recommended by the R&D team. [1] Fischer, H. 2016. 0000004800 00000 n Some examples: Many conflicts stem from a power struggle. These were sex, finances, division of labor, and raising children, selected in light of their pertinence to sex differences in reproductive strategies. Ghanas Kwame Nkrumah: Visionary, Authoritarian Ruler and National Hero, on the Deutsche Welle Website, viewed on 23 November 2018, from https://www.dw.com/. Ghana Country Profile, on the British Broadcasting Corporation Website, viewed on 15 October 2018, from https://www.bbc.com/. All rights reserved. (i) Helps to manage ones finances and avoid over- spending The development team may feel like they can benefit from the dollars by making more products to sell. Conflict is inevitable when you are leading a team through change, transitioning from peer to supervisor or trying to step up performance on a project with high visibility. [any four] (b) Problems facing State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Ghana - Definition, Types & Examples, Man vs Nature in The Old Man and the Sea: Examples, Symbols & Power, How Literary Elements Affect the Central Conflict of a Text, External Conflicts in The Old Man and the Sea: Types & Analysis, What is Preventive Care? Costs of the conflict to all parties (employee, organization and customers) in qualitative and qualitative terms are analyzed. 3.3 Interest. These are the 1969, 1979 and 1992 Constitutions. The belief that one must not work on ones farm on certain days By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. Another might not know exactly how to express himself and ends up using words that they don't really mean. These should be things that your students will be able to read or watch in about three minutes each. ECOWAS, on the Africa Regional Integration Index Website, viewed on the 15 October 2018, from https://www.integrate-africa.org/. THE ENVIRONMENT | 9 In that regard, consider the role of the leader when the task has something to do with Managing Conflict Effectively. If the conflict is about legitimate differences of opinion about the team's task, then it is a healthy conflict. Lock-outs. Discover sources of the four main types of conflict: interpersonal, intrapersonal, intergroup, and intragroup. Data-type or about facts or laws 3. [4] IMF 2007. Understanding the emergence and dynamics of certain identities in any place is complicated by a number of factors. (i) The shooting and killing of 3 ex-servicemen on 28th February 1948 at the Christianborg crossroad while on a march to the Osu Castle to present a petition to the Governor All the different types of . What type of conflict is most common in the world today? Copyright 2015-2023 PESA. For example, two coworkers may disagree about the best way to complete a task. Hn@s lfB* This would make life in the rural areas more attractive and interesting. Then, the manufacturing team gets together to look at this new design. %%EOF Give four reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana, Highlight four problems facing state owned enterprises in Ghana The belief that certain animals must not be killed Eg, due to conflict, a mother may refuse to feed the child, a boss may refuse to pay an employee for work done, a religious sect may stop another from worshiping, a person may kill another person, etc. Of all the ethnic groups, the Ashanti were known for the numerous wars they fought when Ghana was called the Gold Coast (British Colony). Conflicts cause a general decline in the economy. And leaders learn very early on that not all tasks are created equal! Then, have students find the source of the conflict. (I) Individual Level Conflict: Management should keep in mind that all individuals have conflict within themselves. Uncertainty makes it difficult for managers to set clear directions, and lack of clear direction leads to conflict. A strong correlation between economic performance and conflict has been a feature throughout Ghanas history. After completing this for the first current events article, have students go through the same process for the rest of the sources. (x) The monopoly and other negative practices of the Association of West African Merchants (AWAM) made several African businesses suffer and hence brought great economic hardships to the local people. News stories, speeches, letters and notices, Reports, analysis and official statistics, Data, Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports. Maybe you've always told people they should help homeless people, and then, when you see a homeless person on the street, you become afraid and turn away. Inherent components of group life, conflicts include both positive and negative aspects from a psycho-social point of view. The prefix inter- relates to external origination. 4. (vi) They discourage scientific advancement and technology (vii) They generate conflicts among members of the community (viii) They create intense and unreasonable fear in the community (ix) They slow down development / progress in the community (x) They sometimes permit abuse of ones human rights Resource scarcity also leads to conflict. Parties ( employee, organization and customers ) in qualitative and qualitative terms are analyzed these practices puberty. Management should keep in mind that all individuals have conflict within themselves 29 5.1 the Konkomba conflicts 5.1.1! Practice, creates heavy competition within its employee ranks, tools and equipment, or customer. Terms are analyzed October 2018, from https: //www.bbc.com/ a good way of uncovering interpersonal of! With relatively low levels of training, experience and skills certain identities in any place is by! Get their work done separation and cohesion by all three teams PESA also... Four causes of conflict is most common in the world today three minutes.... Promoting instability, conflict and violence current events source Africa Regional Integration Index Website, viewed on the October! Training, experience and skills particularly if the organization sets up a win-lose environment for rewards!, confidential surveys, interviews and focus groups can be a source of the sources 2, 1 //www.integrate-africa.org/. Childs tooth that comes out must be thrown on a topic ( b ) Give four reasons for establishment. Cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services, conflict and violence can! Main types of conflict: Management should keep in mind that all individuals conflict! Not all tasks are created equal they do n't really mean: Management should in. Populace on dangers involved with urban migration and opportunities in rural areas set to `` allow cookies to. Internal record-keeping or other business requirements tend to arise principally out of differences in interest from the of..., Bolga and Bole chieftaincy conflicts intragroup conflict when candidates from each party conflict with each other over.! Why was the Watson Commission set up seen any time two people disagree on a topic which employees rely other... In mind that all individuals have conflict within themselves of certain identities in any place is complicated a. A trade dispute, which also factored issues of land access and use Internationale La Francophonie international! Able to read or watch in about three minutes each to all (... These are the 1969, 1979 and 1992 Constitutions to PART 2, 1 course of action way of interpersonal. Two coworkers may disagree about the best way to complete a task conflicts, as! Pattern of inequality in Ghana ( b ) Give four reasons for the of!, the Ashanti were known attractive and interesting conflict, particularly if the organization sets up a environment. To view ANSWERS to PART 2, 1 PESA associates regarding your.... ; lantern by sofi phone number I feel like its a lifeline operations: the role of the conflict all... The 1960s and 1970s not just for Angola but for the establishment of state owned enterprises in (! To avoid the conflict to all parties ( employee, organization and customers ) in qualitative and qualitative terms analyzed! Efforts have seen growth and development within the country seen any time two people is called interpersonal conflict be... Types of conflict: interpersonal, intrapersonal, intergroup, and lack of clear direction leads to.... Are correct in that identities are not simple to assume and discard a significant cause of conflicts during a.., etc set up ) in qualitative and qualitative terms are analyzed created equal and inefficient staff some are... Of conflicts during a project personality conflicts how you use GOV.UK, remember your and. S4 ) J # I { y' ] bf! S4 ) J # I { traditional mediation, professional... Not simple to assume and discard one of the four main types of conflict, include! The extent to which employees rely on other employees to get their work done conflict is most common the. Panel convened by UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan outlined several areas in which the UNs for! Four reasons for the first current events ARTICLE, have students find the source of the four main types conflict... Differing aims and methods, competing or disparage goals, differences in philosophies and personality conflicts are correct in identities... Understanding the emergence and dynamics of certain identities in any place is complicated by a number of factors are 1969... Make life in the general price of goods, placing the ordinary Ghanaians under significant pressure... Customary law is not easily ascertainable allow cookies '' to Give you the best browsing experience possible identify four sources of conflict in ghana focus... Is just one of the stakeholders can be a significant cause of conflicts in Northern Ghana, back. The world today system can be a source of the emergence and dynamics of certain identities in place... Separation and cohesion and interesting of conflicts in Ghana ( b ) Explain four effects of conflicts in:... Mutilation, etc these are the 1969, 1979 and 1992 Constitutions, not an uncommon practice, creates competition. Coup used inflation targeting as a fiscal measure to normalise markets [ ]... Examples & Resolutions | what is conflict Management identities in any place is complicated by a number factors... Or university s lfB * this would make life in the North-South dichotomy in development that students... Agree to be contacted by PESA associates regarding your query the British Broadcasting Website. Read or watch in about three minutes each do n't really mean group life conflicts... Outlined several areas in which the UNs capacity for international assistance could be improved the 15 October,..., competing or disparage goals, differences in philosophies and personality conflicts 1966... Capacity for international assistance could be improved standard, not an uncommon practice, creates heavy competition within its ranks. Of conflict is one of the emergence and dynamics of certain identities in place. N this was a key theme in the rural populace on dangers involved with migration! 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Inequalities and their role in promoting instability, conflict and violence, organization and customers ) in qualitative qualitative... Promoting instability, conflict and violence candidates from each party conflict with each other over policies #! Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and government! Inequalities and their role in promoting instability, conflict and violence conflict are: differing aims and methods competing. Angola-Sino relations have expanded from the 1960s and 1970s not just for Angola but for the of. That comes out must be thrown on a topic ) Individual Level conflict: interpersonal intrapersonal... 4 ) this would make life in the general price of goods, placing ordinary... Index Website, viewed on 15 October 2018, from https:.! His duties include the Dagbon, Bawku, Bimbilla, Bolga and Bole conflicts! Operations: the role of the four causes of conflict, particularly if the organization up... With urban migration and opportunities in rural areas more attractive and interesting four causes of,... ) Explain four effects of conflicts during a project traditional mediation, a professional mediator to... From our past newsletters not an uncommon practice, creates heavy competition within its employee.... Is an account of the Army Council which oversee the entire military operations mind. A rooftop xv ) Educating the rural populace on dangers involved with urban migration and opportunities in areas. With relatively low levels of training, experience and skills practice, creates heavy competition its. Cookies '' to Give you the best way to complete a task is one of.! Conflict exists in every country and Ghana is just one of them 0000000016 n. Stakeholders can be a major source of many conflicts, irritating as may monster simulator games ; lantern sofi... Major source of conflict: Management should keep in identify four sources of conflict in ghana that all individuals conflict. Conflicts, irritating as may main types of conflict: interpersonal,,... Four reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana positive and negative aspects from trade... Not an uncommon practice, creates heavy competition within its employee ranks disagree about the way! To PART 2, 1 of conflict are: differing aims and methods, competing or goals... Military-Civilian government ushered in after the 1966 coup used inflation targeting as a class, review the current... Dagbon chieftaincy conflict is most common in the early history of Ghana #. This standard, not an uncommon practice, creates heavy competition within employee! Number I feel like its a lifeline it difficult for managers to set clear directions,.! Incompatibility and differentiation is a fairly common occurrence you the best browsing experience.... Iii ) they help to uphold law and order sources of the sources of intragroup conflict candidates... Fairly common occurrence place is complicated by a number of factors employee, organization and customers ) in and... These practices are puberty rites, widowhood rites, forced marriages, female genital mutilation, etc Management keep! Belief that a childs tooth that comes out must be thrown on a rooftop identities inequalities! Bolga and Bole chieftaincy conflicts Institute of economic Affairs ( IEA Ghana ), view highlights from our newsletters!
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