Even today the locations of some of the smaller camps are unknown. 142 Italian military internees had died in the nearby Bergen-Belsen hospital by the end of the war and were buried in a separate area at the edge of the POW cemetery. On the 5th September 1940 6 inmates made a break for freedom but were swiftly recaptured & sent onto Colditz (Oflag IV-c)- Harry Elliott, Rupert Barry (later Sir Rupert Barry), Pat Reid, Dick Howe, Anthony "Peter" Allan, and Kenneth Lockwood. Sleeping accommodation was in wooden double bunks in groups of 8. Officers were not required to work, although they could volunteer, the convention did allow officers to be requested to work but neither the European Axis (although the Japanese certainly did) nor Allies used them so. Stalag was short for Kriegsgefangenen-Mannschafts-Stammlager. It was organised by the Schutzstaffel - SS-Baubrigade Iwhich was at first under direct supervision of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp; and after mid-February 1943 then run under the Neuengamme camp in northern Germanylocated near the old telegraph tower at La Foulre. They caught the train to Stuttgart where they stayed overnight in a small hotel. The New Zealand parcels were amongst the rarest and under their novelty perhaps, one of the most sought after in some camps. The lighting was poor, and heating didnt function. If one is interested in spy craft and traitors during World War II and the Cold War there are few authors that have produced more satisfying works than Ben Macintyre. In October 1940 the first three British prisoners were sent into the camp, they. | The first transport numbering 2254 POWs (1618 officers and 636 other ranks) arrived at the camp on 6th November 1939. In November 1941 a typhoid fever epidemic broke out in Lager-Ost. Washing and laundering is done in the courtyard, where the linen is hung out for drying. It was redesignated Oflag XIII-D in September 1941. Also at Suwalki, Poland. The number of inmates reached its peak of 5,944 officers and 796 orderlies. The staff officers were imprisoned in the casemates and the generals in one of the forts. Ahntastic Adventures in Silicon Valley Polish prisoners from the German September 1939 offensive were placed in Stalag II-A. The camp was divided into three sections when liberated. It served as the hospital for all Soviet POWs in the region until January 1945. In October 1944 a small number of higher ranking officers arrived from the Warsaw Uprising. US, Serbian, Italian and French/Belgian POWs were held at this camp. A very comprehensive book detailing all aspects of camp life, escape attempts and the process of both capture and release, uses a lot of first hand accounts and stories with factual information. After another train journey the men were force marched from Kiefheide, with many men being bayoneted or shot before they reached Stalag Luft IV in Gross Tychow. As the name suggests, Cinecitta (literally: film city) was the Hollywood of pre war Italy and several films were made here. OFLAG VIIIh Oberlangendorf, Czech republic, OFLAG IXa Spangenburg bei Kassel, Germany. the areas where Stalags began with the number II), this was a forced marchaway from the soviet armys advance in awful weather, taking up to 3 months in total, up to 8,000 men some suffering with dysentry were marched away, stragglers being shot or dying of hypothermia during this ordeal. Six were built of brick, while the seventh was wood. Your email address will not be published. [6] A popular diversion was provided by the "Milag Jockey Club" which held race meetings every Saturday evening. There is a SHAEF report from February 1945 showing 1087 British, 4000 US and 21 Czech POWs here which is different to the other report above. There were also camp number IIId/999 and IIId/517 camps listed in the German postal system, these were likely to have been in the case of 999 some sort of punishment camp (999 Battalions in the German SS/Army were severe punishment units for near suicidal missions) and in the case of 517 this was the camp that the British Freikorps were held at whilst training at Genshagen, location 52,19N 13,17E which held 264 British POWs at February 1945. Reports from December30th 1942show 250 other ranks held here. 151 Officers held here as of 26/2/43 Originally opened June 1941. The treatment was a repetition of previous camps, with the exception of food, of which there was virtually none. William Sylvester, R By 1 January 1945, the camp held 1,578 British, American, Soviet, Polish and Canadian troops. This camp has been noted as both Oflag 68 and 88 so there appears to be some confusion over the numbering. Transfer order granted, Works as doctor at, Hidden in baggage pile at Colditz rail station, Exchanged identities with French officers in transit to, Exchanged places with Lt. Stepninc and Lt. Jablonowski during Polish transfer, Orderlies who escaped from work party at Colditz train station, Sixty second rope escape down west terrace, Broke into German courtyard, hung from bottom of German truck. It remained in use until 1993. This is an excellent account of Colditz, a special prisoner of war camp for special prisoners. An air strike on 6 December 1944 killed 118 POWs, there being no air raid shelter provided. The jobs allowed some Poles to help them by giving food and cigarettes. SHAEF reports of February 1945 show 224 French and 172 Greek POWs held here, although we have seen letters from Polish Officers also kept here earlier in the war. The perspective is also very limited. It is clear that other reports were produced, for example, those with a reference starting PW/REP/IT. Oflag X-B was opened in May 1940, and was used to hold French officers captured during the battle of France. Originally designed to hold 4,000 in July 1942. Access to full details of seamen born less than 100 years ago may be restricted. This was completed in the spring of 1941, and was used by 17 British officers (mostly RAF) in June 1941. 62,322 POWs (3,606 British) with 2695 officers held here. William Holden, Many local Poles assisted the POWs with food and other supplies during their time at Stalag 369, often at huge risk to themselves. Sophia Myles, Although some POW exchanges took place between 1942 and 1944, the vast majority of British and Commonwealth captives were not repatriated until 1945. The Germans built one concentration camp and three labour camps on the island, subcamps of the Neuengamme concentration camp (located in Hamburg, Germany). We also have many records from the escape and evasion parts of the TNA, originally compiled by MI9, typically these are contained in the National Archives WO373 series which covers recommendations for awards and may also have transcribed citations in some cases. Opened October 1940, closed March 1944 and redesignated as Oflag 67 (LXVII). Logistical problems meant that this part of the camp was administered by the Luftwaffe, the rest of the camp being under the Wehrmacht. It has had a chequered history over the past 500 years and has been used for a variety of purposes including a hunting lodge, workhouse, mental hospital, sanatorium, political prison and hospital. As in camps across Europe, with the support and direction from escape committees, prisoners used a number of methods for escape, with tunnels and disguises being the most popular along with forged identification papers. On the cold Baltic coast it opened early in 1942 as a British Oflag originally. The Germans agreed. Two hundred NCOs were transferred to Stalag XVIII-C at Markt-Pongau in June 1944. However, not all Germans were hated - the guard Shorty was carried by several prisoners after he couldn't go on. It took them over eight hours to escape from the grounds. Use on websites that are primarily information-led, research-oriented and not behind a paywall. A memorial was erected there in 1985. E715 IG Farben chemical factory in Monowitz. If so they were required to complete a form 'Q'. An area of about five acres gave adequate space for exercise, though the continued wet winter weather converted it into a quagmire. By Peter Jackson. 106 US POWs here on the road to Falkenburg. VIEW HERE A MAP OF POW CAMPS IN GERMANY - PUBLISHED BY THE RED CROSS & ST. JOHN WAR ORGANISATION. 3,104 POWs here on 26/2/43 originally opened in August 1941. Drama, Romance, War. Some of the French officers held at Colditz 1943: In May, the Wehrmacht High Command decided that Colditz should house only Americans and British, so in June the Dutch were moved out, followed shortly thereafter by the Poles, the Belgians, and the French; with the final French group leaving 12 July, 1943. Searches are only made in response to written enquiries, and an hourly fee is usually charged. Articles 27 to 34 listed the conditions of the work that could be required. In particular, the memoir of British Army officer . It is uncertain whether official red cross food and medical supply parcels were ever tampered with by MI9, however, up to 10% of organisations listed who donated clothing/sports equipment and books were, in fact, a front for MI9. Some 20 miles (32 km) north of Genoa, this was a fortress on top of the hill overlooking the town. Through hole in park wire, intended as diversion for Hans Larive and Francis Steinmetz escape. In 1943 there were recorded as being 47,483 other ranks with 303 Officers mostly employed in the local salt mines. The camp was the setting for two remarkable escape attempts. I devoured this book. Some great stories, but it can also be a bit slow. Under contruction according to USSME reports in 1943. This march was one of the "Long Marches". The unlucky ones got "liberated" by the Soviets, who instead of turning them over quickly to the western allies, held them as virtual hostages for several more months. Opened originally in January1942, 93other ranks were reported here on December30th 1942.. burdocks (German Schwertbrderstrasse, from the north-east) and Brownies (German Goldene Pforte, from the south-east.). They were employed building new barracks and a water supply. Nominal card indexes to the principle series of escape and evasion reports in WO 208/3298-3327 (pre-D-Day) and WO 208/3348-3352 (post-D-Day) can be searched on findmypast.co.uk. The camp was liberated by the U.S. Ninth Army on 12 April 1945. In April 1945 the camp was liberated by the Soviet Red Army although there were plans (and some movements?) The camp initially occupied barracks built to house British and French prisoners in World War I. A sub-camp Stalag XVIII-A/Z was later opened in Spittal an der Drau about 100 km (62 mi) to the west. By July 1941 Stalag XVIII-D contained nearly 4,500 British and Commonwealth prisoners captured in Greece and Crete. In May 1940 the camp was established in wooden huts at the south end of the training ground. On 7 February the men from the Centre Compound joined them. Both questionnaires also enquire whether the prisoner witnessed or had any information about war crimes. The Canadian Red Cross reported assembling and shipping nearly 16,500,000 food parcels during the Second World War, at $47,529,000. The camp was opened as Oflag VII-D in February 1941, but in November 1941 became a sub-camp of Oflag VII-C, and was redesignated Oflag VII-C/Z. German and Italian camps! At Taranto the arrangements, in the hands of the Italian Navy, were known as very efficient. Located at Heydekrug- Pogegen (Pagegiai) in Lithuania. District XX Nearest city Olsztyn, Poland (German name: Allenstein). Infrastructure of the camp consisted of four two-storey blocks, a gymnasium, two administrative buildings, four garages, and a large parade ground. Stalag IV-D Torgau (Elbe) Sachsen, Prussia Location N/E 51-13. 13th century castle near Florence. During WW2, German POWs in Britain plot to escape from their prison camp in Scotland. They were moved to a different location closer to Cuxhaven, to Westertimke, in 1942. In 1942 a large camp (Stalag 323) was built for Soviet prisoners, it was located at the other end of the training ground. The main centre used during the war was at Oberursel near Frankfurt. The POWs occupied themselves in various ways. Stars: The end of the book explains what happened to a lot of the people featured in the book. Who knew that "other ranks" weren't permitted to escape? Oflag VI-A Soest Prussia Location N/E 51-08. Notable POWs who were held here include (briefly) Colditz inmate and escape officer Pat Reid who was held for 3 months before escaping, being recaptured and sent to Colditz where he finally escaped to freedom from later. However many of them were located in sub-camps. Many of them were finally repatriated towards the end of 1945 though the port of Odessa on the Black Sea. 1940: In October, Donald Middleton, Keith Milne, and Howard Wardle (a Canadian who joined the RAF just before the war) became the first British prisoners at Colditz. Stalags were operated in both World War I and World War II and intended to be used for non-commissioned personnel (Enlisted ranks in US Army, Other ranks in British Commonwealth forces). Most of these were farms and agricultural sub camps. It should be noted that recently this source is not a complete roll of everyone who was in the Italian POW system for various reasons, although it's the only sdingle source that has the majority. The sprawling prison complex was divided into compounds. From January 1944, Wietzendorf was the site of one of the largest camps for Italian officers known as Oflag 83. Used for punishment and for keeping peristent escapers. It was located 2 km (1.2 mi) north of the Bavarian town of Murnau am Staffelsee. 100 British POWs held in the dancehall of the Hotel Kronprinz near Bautzen. They were soon joined by a handful of British Army officers and later by Belgian officers. Operating throughout the war from 1939-45 holding mostly Soviet POWs in near death-camp conditions. It was interesting to read that you have recently visited coldtz as I have wanted to visit Colditz castle myself for some years now. P.G. In the centre of the camp was camp kitchen and canteen. | Population was approximately 254 at the start of the early winter that year, with 71 other ranks (orderlies etc). In reality, however, successful escapes were rare. OFLAG XXIc/z Grune bei Lissa/Skoki, Poland. He and five other prisoners were to leave the castle disguised as a work party removing clothes from the clothing store, four to be dressed as Polish orderlies, one disguised as a German officer, the other as a German soldier. Reports on many individual Royal Air Force servicemen taken prisoner in occupied Europe, detailing the circumstances of their capture, are in AIR 14/470-471. In November 1943, after the Italian armistice, Italian and Commonwealth prisoners arrived from Italy. Records concerning Royal Air Force and Allied Air Force prisoners will be found in the correspondence of the Air Ministry in AIR 2 (code B 89), as well as in the Unregistered Papers (PoWs) in AIR 20 (code 89).
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