Social selection starts with offspring production and works back to mating, and starts with behavioural dynamics and works up to gene pool dynamics. Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI, USA. argue, contrary to Sala et al. Ferguson E, Quigley E, Powell G, Stewart L, Harrison F, Tallentire H. R Soc Open Sci. Search for more papers by this author . The Perfect Family: Decision Making in Biparental Care. The novelty of our approach is that we focus on Malthusian local population dynamics with high dispersal and strong environmental variability from year to year. Larval transport and population dynamics of intertidal barnacles: A coupled benthic/oceanic model, Why fisheries collapse and what to do about it, EXPERIMENTAL REMOVAL OF INSECTIVORES FROM RAIN-FOREST CANOPY - DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS, DETECTING UPWELLING ALONG THE CENTRAL COAST OF CALIFORNIA DURING AN EL-NINO YEAR USING HF-RADAR. Seemingly intangible ecosystem characteristics that preoccupy ecologists, like ecosystem stability and the responsiveness of populations to environmental variation, have quantifiable economic values. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.tpb.2008.02.002, View details for Web of Science ID 000256996000001, View details for Web of Science ID 000252652600001, View details for Web of Science ID 000248192000009, View details for Web of Science ID 000245912900003. 2012. Random movers, unable to track heterogeneous environmental conditions, face source-sink dynamics, which can result in deterministic extinction or increase their vulnerability to stochastic extinction. indigenous institutions and norms to accommodate the natural variation View details for Web of Science ID 000074131900049, View details for Web of Science ID 000073841800022. A prominent prediction from this work is that parents should compensate for decreases in each other's effort, but only partially so. Here we present a modeling approach to answer this question. Akcay, E., Van Cleve, J., Feldman, M. W., Roughgarden, J. Berkeley CA: University of California Press.Roughgarden, Joan. Specifically, we assume individuals bias their movements to climb spatial fitness gradients. that climate change poses an equal or greater threat to global biodiversity than land-use change. how parents' allocations affect offspring production, and the type of experimental manipulation. Proc Biol Sci. The Phenomena 1.1. We present a mechanistic model for negotiation of benefits between a nitrogen-fixing nodule and a legume plant. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. However, the abundance varies greatly within years with a significant oscillatory component (period, 30 weeks) and only slightly between years regardless of yearly differences in settlement. We propose that a division of space that solves this conflict over resources is the outcome of a negotiation between foragers. Although humanity depends on the continued, aggregate functioning of natural ecosystems, few studies have explored the impact of community structure on the stability of aggregate community properties. Specifically, the amount of resource partitioning between the two species (Anolis gingivinus and Anolis wattsi pogus) on the island of St. Maarten is less than that between the two species (Anolis bimaculatus and Anolis wattsi schwartzi) on the island of St. Eustatius. Sexual and social competition: broadening perspectives by defining female roles. A fishery should be managed for ecological stability instead--in the analogy, as easy to maintain as keeping a marble near the base of a bowl. The self-feeding here yields ample food so that the optimal price, which is located where each curve terminates at the right end of the curves, is so high that the chick will not solicit parental food. Roughgarden, J., Pennington, J. T., Stoner, D., Alexander, S., Miller, K. SPATIAL POPULATION-DYNAMICS OF A MARINE ORGANISM WITH A COMPLEX LIFE-CYCLE, OPTIMAL BODY SIZE IN LESSER ANTILLEAN ANOLIS LIZARDS - A MECHANISTIC APPROACH, USE OF HIGH-FREQUENCY RADAR FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF OCEAN SURFACE CURRENTS. Hughes, T. P., Baird, A. H., Bellwood, D. R., Card, M., Connolly, S. R., Folke, C., Grosberg, R., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Jackson, J. Berkeley CA: University of California Press. joan.roughgarden@hawaii.edu Social selection offers an alternative to sexual selection by reversing its logic. We derive analytical expressions for the minimum number of patches (and the maximum harvesting rate) required for the persistence of the population. Local information constraints limit the ranges of directed movers and introduce a role for historical contingency in determining their ultimate distribution. We show how to derive these values, and how their consideration should change environmental decision making. 2012 Aug 19;367(1600):2266-73. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0012. The dynamics of the intertidal community are thus strongly coupled to the dynamics of the offshore kelp community. He proposed that males fertilize as many females as possible with inexpensive sperm, whereas females, with a limited supply of large eggs, select the genetically highest quality males to endow their offspring with superior capabilities. This paper o ers a theory to explain these phenomena based on the principal-agent problem in economics. View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.0832226100, View details for Web of Science ID 000183493500047, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC165844. In both locations the cover-independent component of mortality does not vary with age during the first 60 weeks. Studies Marine Biology and Ethology. Random movers permeate entire landscapes, but directed movers are more geographically constrained. Get the latest research from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus. Theories about sexual selection can be traced back to Darwin in 1871. The cost of managing for ecological stability, termed "natural insurance," is low if the fishery is sufficiently productive. Population experiments with Anolis lizard species demonstrate a relation between the amount of between-species competition and the degree of interspecific resource partitioning (the more the partitioning the less the competition). Specifically, we assume that individuals bias their movements along local gradients in fitness. Each curve shows that the amount of food a chick begs for. In disturbed environments, random movement offers bet-spreading advantages by distributing offspring across habitats. Unlike previous models of patchy populations that assume an infinite number of patches, we focus specifically on the effect that the number of patches has on population persistence. We model direct fitness benefits of genetic mosaicism for a long-lived tree in coevolution with a short-lived herbivore to test four hypotheses: that mosaicism reduces selection on the herbivore for resistance to plant defenses; that module-level selection allows the individual tree to adapt to its herbivore; and that this benefits the tree population, increasing average tree fitness and reducing local adaptation of the herbivore. This pattern may reflect haplodiploid sexual determination in this species. Mating pairs may form 'teams' based on the reciprocal sharing of pleasure. USA.gov. We reexamine clines when an individual's decisions over whether and where to disperse depend on its fitness. View details for Web of Science ID 000232941400003. Spatial models commonly assume that dispersal does not depend on environmental conditions or phenotype. To help or punish in the face of unfairness: men and women prefer mutually-beneficial strategies over punishment in a sexual selection context. Professor and Research Scientist. Population stability and related phenomena have economic value, because management actions affect the variance of ecosystem components. Locations with a low larval settlement rate exhibit a generally low abundance of barnacles that varies slightly within years and greatly between years, reflecting yearly differences in settlement. View details for Web of Science ID A1982NY36400025, View details for Web of Science ID A1982PL33200008, View details for Web of Science ID A1982PA22100004, View details for Web of Science ID A1982PL33200001, View details for Web of Science ID A1982NJ30600007, View details for Web of Science ID A1981LK30700004, View details for Web of Science ID A1981ME90900022. Natural history observations of Anolisomyia rufianalis (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) infesting Anolis lizards in a rain forest canopy. These results are robust to varying genetic assumptions of dominance and the somatic mutation rate, but only hold for sufficiently long-lived trees with relatively strong selection. View details for DOI 10.1098/rstb.2011.0282, View details for Web of Science ID 000306193500005. Variation in human gender expression and sexual orientation occurs among Here, we invert this approach and ask, given a model of how individuals behave, how the payoff matrix will evolve through natural selection. Joan Roughgarden. Joan Roughgarden. The kind of response predicted depends on the nest production function, i.e. View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.0904357106, View details for Web of Science ID 000271637500035, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC2776409. Joan Roughgarden received bachelor degrees in biology and philosophy from University of Rochester in 1968 and a Ph.D. in biology from Harvard University in 1971. Geophysics. Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI, USA . Whether the community ecology at a site is governed by adult-adult interactions within the site, or by limitations to the supply of larvae reaching the site, is determined by the regional pattern of circulation in the coastal waters. Ornaments facilitate this negotiation and also comprise 'admission tickets' to cliques. in the human species. PATTERN AND STABILITY IN PREDATOR PREY COMMUNITIES - HOW DIFFUSION IN SPATIALLY-VARIABLE ENVIRONMENTS AFFECTS THE LOTKA-VOLTERRA MODEL, CROSS-SHELF TRANSPORT CAUSES RECRUITMENT TO INTERTIDAL POPULATIONS IN CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. However, reefs will change rather than disappear entirely, with some species already showing far greater tolerance to climate change and coral bleaching than others. However, experimental tests that manipulate parents and measure their responses fail to confirm this prediction. We conclude that complex multicellular organisms and colonies of eusocial insects satisfy these three criteria, but that, in most cases (with at least one notable exception), colonies of modular organisms and genetic chimeras do not. Clines are steeper the more responsive dispersal is to environmental conditions for all dispersal behaviors that we consider. View details for DOI 10.1098/rspb.2006.3689, View details for Web of Science ID 000242765300004, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC1679880, View details for DOI 10.1016/j.tree.2006.10.001, View details for Web of Science ID 000243552900002, View details for Web of Science ID 000237655400005, View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2006.01095.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000237517400017.
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