required for appointment to high judicial office or be jurisconsults of recognised competence". Professor of International Law, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. [66] Russian legislation has set up a specific fund for paying the claimants in successful ECtHR verdicts.[26]. A judge can be dismissed from office only if the other judges decide, by a two-thirds majority, that the judge has ceased to fulfil the required conditions. [117] In 2020, the Greek government nominated the court for the Nobel Peace Prize.[118]. It comprises 47 member states, 28 of which are members of the European Union. More than 3,200 non-implemented judgements "concerned violations by security forces and poor detention conditions". Furthermore, since the Treaty of Lisbon took effect on 1 December 2009, the EU is expected to sign the convention. However, it may be months or years before an applicant receives a decision or judgment. Each section has a President, Vice President, and a number of judges. After the preliminary finding of admissibility the court examines the case by hearing representations from both parties. It has no judicial functions. The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) is a regional human rights judicial body based in Strasbourg, France, created under the auspices of the Council of Europe.
Furthermore, since the Treaty of Lisbon took effect on 1 December 2009, the EU is expected to sign the convention. See human rights bodies' COVID-19 guidance on our dedicated webpage, organized by mechanism and theme, and updated regularly. For a detailed analysis of this problem from various perspectives see Flogaitis, Zwart, and Fraser (eds. [10][12], Any contracting state to the European Convention on Human Rights can sue another contracting state in the court for alleged breaches of the convention, although in practice this is very rare. Most of these cases concern nationals of the former Eastern Bloc where there is less trust in the court system. Within the Court, the judges work in four different kinds of groups, or “judicial formations.” Applications received by the Court will be allocated to one of these formations: 1. In 2016, all but one of the 47 member countries of the Council of Europe had not implemented at least one ECtHR verdict in a timely fashion, although most non-implemented verdicts concern a few countries: Italy (2,219), Russia (1,540), Turkey (1,342), and Ukraine (1,172).
The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe elects the judges of the European Court of Human Rights, providing them with democratic legitimacy. Generally, both these issues are dealt with in the same judgment. A case may be inadmissible when it is incompatible with the requirements of ratione materiae, ratione temporis or ratione personae, or if the case cannot be proceeded with on formal grounds, such as non-exhaustion of domestic remedies, lapse of the six months from the last internal decision complained of, anonymity, substantial identity with a matter already submitted to the court, or with another procedure of international investigation. [10] A committee is constituted by three judges, chambers by seven judges, and a Grand Chamber by 17 judges.
Article 46 of the convention provides that contracting states undertake to abide by the court's final decision. [78] As a result of Protocol 14 reforms to reduce caseload, single judges were empowered to reject applications as inadmissible and a system of "pilot judgements" was created to handle repetitive cases without a formal finding for each one. [12] The number of full-time judges sitting in the court is equal to the number of contracting states to the European Convention on Human Rights, currently 47. In final judgments the court makes a declaration that a contracting state has violated the convention, and may order the contracting state to pay material and/or moral damages and the legal expenses incurred in domestic courts and the court in bringing the case. ", "How far can the European Court of Human Rights go in the fight against discrimination? The 2010 Interlaken Declaration stated that the court would reduce its caseload by cutting back on the number of repetitive cases it dealt with. In 2009, 57,200 applications were allocated, with 119,300 pending.
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